Customizing element borders based on device size using bootstrap

I'm currently working with Bootstrap to design a mobile-first responsive layout. I have set up multiple rows and columns that I adjust based on different screen size categories.

Is there a way to style borders using just Bootstrap classes for the various sizes without having to write my own CSS media queries?

For example, let's say I want to add a border-right to the first column in a row only when it's floated at medium size... Is there a built-in feature that achieves this? Please note that the code below is just an illustration:

<div class="row">
    <div class="col-12 col-md-6 border border-top-0 border-right-0 border-bottom-0 border-left-0 border-md-right-1">
        <p>Lorem ipsum</p>
    </div>
    <div class="col-12 col-md-6">
        <p>Dolor sit amet</p>
    </div>
</div>

I'm also utilizing the maxcdn CSS, so I can't access Sass. Any recommendations or suggestions would be greatly appreciated!

cssresponsive-designmedia-queriesborderbootstrap-4

Answer №1

Responsive borders are not natively supported in Bootstrap. To implement responsive borders in Bootstrap, you can refer to the guidelines provided in this link - https://github.com/twbs/bootstrap/issues/23892#issuecomment-378172751

The following code snippet illustrates how to achieve responsive borders:

@each $breakpoint in map-keys($grid-breakpoints) {
  @include media-breakpoint-up($breakpoint) {
    $infix: breakpoint-infix($breakpoint, $grid-breakpoints);

    .border#{$infix}-top {      border-top: $border-width solid $border-color !important; }
    .border#{$infix}-right {    border-right: $border-width solid $border-color !important; }
    .border#{$infix}-bottom {   border-bottom: $border-width solid $border-color !important; }
    .border#{$infix}-left {     border-left: $border-width solid $border-color !important; }

    .border#{$infix}-top-0 {    border-top: 0 !important; }
    .border#{$infix}-right-0 {  border-right: 0 !important; }
    .border#{$infix}-bottom-0 { border-bottom: 0 !important; }
    .border#{$infix}-left-0 {   border-left: 0 !important; }

    .border#{$infix}-x {
      border-left: $border-width solid $border-color !important;
      border-right: $border-width solid $border-color !important;
    }

    .border#{$infix}-y {
      border-top: $border-width solid $border-color !important;
      border-bottom: $border-width solid $border-color !important;
    }
  }
}

Answer №2

There is currently no built-in support for this feature, but incorporating your own custom code can resolve the issue effectively. Credit to @sharan for the initial solution (thank you!) with some modifications made by me. If you prefer defining all borders at once, check out the updated version below: Original:

My customized version using SCSS:

@each $breakpoint in map-keys($grid-breakpoints) {
  @include media-breakpoint-up($breakpoint) {
    $infix: breakpoint-infix($breakpoint, $grid-breakpoints);

    .border#{$infix}-top {      border-top: $border-width solid $border-color !important; }
    .border#{$infix}-right {    border-right: $border-width solid $border-color !important; }
    .border#{$infix}-bottom {   border-bottom: $border-width solid $border-color !important; }
    .border#{$infix}-left {     border-left: $border-width solid $border-color !important; }

    .border#{$infix}-top-0 {    border-top: 0 !important; }
    .border#{$infix}-right-0 {  border-right: 0 !important; }
    .border#{$infix}-bottom-0 { border-bottom: 0 !important; }
    .border#{$infix}-left-0 {   border-left: 0 !important; }

    .border#{$infix}-x {
      border-left: $border-width solid $border-color !important;
      border-right: $border-width solid $border-color !important;
    }

    .border#{$infix}-y {
      border-top: $border-width solid $border-color !important;
      border-bottom: $border-width solid $border-color !important;
    }
    // additional support for .border-sm (-md, -lg, -xl)
    .border#{$infix} {
      border-top: $border-width solid $border-color !important;
      border-bottom: $border-width solid $border-color !important;
      border-left: $border-width solid $border-color !important;
      border-right: $border-width solid $border-color !important;
    }
    .border#{$infix}-0 {
      border-top: 0 !important;
      border-bottom: 0 !important;
      border-left: 0 !important;
      border-right: 0 !important;
    }
  }
}

My revised CSS adaptation:

@media (min-width: 576px) {
  .border-sm-top {
    border-top: 1px solid #e3e7eb !important;
  }
  .border-sm-right {
    border-right: 1px solid #e3e7eb !important;
  }
  // Additional styles omitted for brevity
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .border-md-top {
    border-top: 1px solid #e3e7eb !important;
  }
  .border-md-right {
    border-right: 1px solid #e3e7eb !important;
  }
  // Additional styles omitted for brevity
}

// Repeat similar styling blocks for different breakpoints

Answer №3

In Bootstrap5 you have the ability to customize the utility classes: Click here for more information

@import "bootstrap/scss/functions";
@import "bootstrap/scss/variables";
@import "bootstrap/scss/utilities";

$utilities: map-merge(
  $utilities, 
  (
    "border": map-merge(
      map-get($utilities, "border"),
      ( responsive: true ),
    ),
    "border-top": map-merge(
      map-get($utilities, "border-top"),
      ( responsive: true ),
    ),
    "border-end": map-merge(
      map-get($utilities, "border-end"),
      ( responsive: true ),
    ),
    "border-bottom": map-merge(
      map-get($utilities, "border-bottom"),
      ( responsive: true ),
    ),
    "border-start": map-merge(
      map-get($utilities, "border-start"),
      ( responsive: true ),
    ),
  )
);

You can then see the compiled CSS output:

  .border-sm {
    border: 1px solid #e9ecef !important;
  }

  .border-sm-0 {
    border: 0 !important;
  }

  .border-top-sm {
    border-top: 1px solid #e9ecef !important;
  }

  .border-top-sm-0 {
    border-top: 0 !important;
  }

  .border-end-sm {
    border-right: 1px solid #e9ecef !important;
  }

  .border-end-sm-0 {
    border-right: 0 !important;
  }

  .border-bottom-sm {
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e9ecef !important;
  }

  .border-bottom-sm-0 {
    border-bottom: 0 !important;
  }

  .border-start-sm {
    border-left: 1px solid #e9ecef !important;
  }

  .border-start-sm-0 {
    border-left: 0 !important;
  }

...the list goes on...

Answer №4

This CSS code applies to various screen sizes

@media (max-width: 575px) {
    .border-top {
        border-top: 1px solid #424242;
    }
    .border-left {
        border-left: 1px solid #424242;
    }
    .border-bottom {
        border-bottom: 1px solid #424242;
    }
    .border-right {
        border-right: 1px solid #424242;
    }
    .border-top-0 {
        border-top: none!important;
    }
    .border-left-0 {
        border-left: none!important;
    }
    .border-bottom-0 {
        border-bottom: none!important;
    }
    .border-right-0 {
        border-right: none!important;
    }
}

@media (min-width: 576px) {
    .border-sm-top {
        border-top: 1px solid #424242;
    }
    .border-sm-left {
        border-left: 1px solid #424242;
    }
    .border-sm-bottom {
        border-bottom: 1px solid #424242;
    }
    .border-sm-right {
        border-right: 1px solid #424242;
    }
    .border-sm-top-0 {
        border-top: none!important;
    }
    .border-sm-left-0 {
        border-left: none!important;
    }
    .border-sm-bottom-0 {
        border-bottom: none!important;
    }
    .border-sm-right-0 {
        border-right: none!important;
    }
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
    .border-md-top {
        border-top: 1px solid #424242;
    }
    .border-md-left {
        border-left: 1px solid #424242;
    }
    .border-md-bottom {
        border-bottom: 1px solid #424242;
    }
    .border-md-right {
        border-right: 1px solid #424242;
    }
    .border-md-top-0 {
        border-top: none!important;
    }
    .border-md-left-0 {
        border-left: none!important;
    }
    .border-md-bottom-0 {
        border-bottom: none!important;
    }
    .border-md-right-0 {
        border-right: none!important;
    }
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
    .border-lg-top {
        border-top: 1px solid #424242;
    }
    .border-lg-left {
        border-left: 1px solid #424242;
    }
    .border-lg-bottom {
        border-bottom: 1px solid #424242;
    }
    .border-lg-right {
        border-right: 1px solid #424242;
    }
    .border-lg-top-0 {
        border-top: none!important;
    }
    .border-lg-left-0 {
        border-left: none!important;
    }
    .border-lg-bottom-0 {
        border-bottom: none!important;
    }
    .border-lg-right-0 {
        border-right: none!important;
    }
}

@media (min-width: 1200px) {
    .border-xl-top {
        border-top: 1px solid #424242;
    }
    .border-xl-left {
        border-left: 1px solid #424242;
    }
    .border-xl-bottom {
        border-bottom: 1px solid #424242;
    }
    .border-xl-right {
        border-right: 1px solid #424242;
    }
    .border-xl-top-0 {
        border-top: none!important;
    }
    .border-xl-left-0 {
        border-left: none!important;
    }
    .border-xl-bottom-0 {
        border-bottom: none!important;
    }
    .border-xl-right-0 {
        border-right: none!important;
    }
}

Answer №5

Sorry, but Bootstrap does not provide specific styling classes for adding or removing borders. You will need to customize your own rules to achieve the desired effect.

Answer №6

Here is an updated SASS version for Bootstrap 5 based on the great answer from @Sharan (successfully tested with [email protected] and [email protected]):

@use 'sass:map'

@import ~bootstrap/scss/functions
@import ~bootstrap/scss/variables
@import ~bootstrap/scss/maps
@import ~bootstrap/scss/mixins
@import ~bootstrap/scss/utilities
@import ~bootstrap/scss/utilities/api

$placements: (start: 'left', end: 'right', top: 'top', bottom: 'bottom')

@each $breakpoint in map.keys($grid-breakpoints)
  @include media-breakpoint-up($breakpoint)
    $infix: breakpoint-infix($breakpoint, $grid-breakpoints)
    @each $placement-label, $placement-prop in $placements
      .border#{$infix}-#{$placement-label}
        border-#{$placement-prop}: $border-width solid $border-color !important

      .border#{$infix}-#{$placement-label}-0
        border-#{$placement-prop}: 0 !important

    .border#{$infix}-x
      border-left: $border-width solid $border-color !important
      border-right: $border-width solid $border-color !important

    .border#{$infix}-y
      border-top: $border-width solid $border-color !important
      border-bottom: $border-width solid $border-color !important

// Rewrite and import bootstrap styles
@import ~bootstrap/scss/bootstrap

Answer №7

In case you didn't explicitly mention avoiding JavaScript solutions, I will provide a solution using JS for the sake of completeness. Below is an example of how you can create a border-start-md class in JS on top of the base Bootstrap 5:

// Implementing border-start-md class with JS
const mediaQuery = window.matchMedia('(min-width: 768px)'); // Targeting medium devices in Bootstrap 5
mediaQuery.addEventListener('change', e => {
    document.querySelectorAll('.border-start-md')
        .forEach( el => el
            .classList[e.target.matches ? 'add' : 'remove']('border-start'));
});
const changeEvent = new Event('change');
mediaQuery.dispatchEvent(changeEvent);

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