What causes the parent and grandparent elements to shift when adjusting the margin of a header tag?

I'm facing an issue with the h1 tag where changing its margin-top property also affects the parent and grandparent elements. Can someone shed light on why this is happening and provide a solution?

If you observe, setting the h1 margin to 0 auto creates the correct spacing between the two sections.

Check out Pen1 here

<section></section>
<section>
    <div class="notice">
        <h1>Our website is currently undergoing construction, please feel free to contact us on social media.</h1>
    </div>
</section>

section{
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    width: 100vw;
    height: 100vh;
    background-color: red;
}

section:nth-of-type(2){
    background-color: blue;
}

.notice{
    width: 100vw;
    height: 10vh;
    text-align: center;
}

.notice h1{
    margin: 0 auto;
}

However, once I add a margin to the h1 element, it causes the parent div and grandparent section to move as well.

Explore Pen2 for more details

<section></section>
<section>
    <div class="notice">
        <h1>Our website is currently undergoing construction, please feel free to contact us on social media.</h1>
    </div>
</section>

section{
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    width: 100vw;
    height: 100vh;
    background-color: red;
}

section:nth-of-type(2){
    background-color: blue;
}

.notice{
    width: 100vw;
    height: 10vh;
    text-align: center;
}

.notice h1{
    margin: 50px auto;
}
htmlcss

Answer №1

Margin collapse occurs when the margin extends beyond the parent element.

More information on margin collapsing

If there are no border, padding, inline content, or clearance between blocks to separate the margins, they will collapse and extend outside the parent element. This is a common issue with margin collapse.

To resolve this, you can add overflow: hidden to the parent element

section{
margin-bottom: 10px;
width: 100vw;
height: 100vh;
background-color: red;
overflow: hidden;
}

section:nth-of-type(2){
background-color: blue;
}

.notice{
width: 100vw;
height: 10vh;
text-align: center;
}

.notice h1{
margin: 50px auto;
}
<section></section>
<section>
<div class="notice">
<h1>Our website is currently undergoing construction, please feel free to contact us on social media.</h1>
</div>
</section>

Alternatively, using padding instead of margin can also help

section{
margin-bottom: 10px;
width: 100vw;
height: 100vh;
background-color: red;
}

section:nth-of-type(2){
background-color: blue;
}

.notice{
width: 100vw;
height: 10vh;
text-align: center;
}

.notice h1{
margin: auto;
padding: 50px 0;
}
<section></section>
<section>
<div class="notice">
<h1>Our website is currently undergoing construction, please feel free to contact us on social media.</h1>
</div>
</section>

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