Updating styles using JavaScript

I am struggling to find a way to dynamically change the appearance of certain elements on my HTML page without success.

The challenge lies in my inability to use a command like

document.write ('<style type="text/css">body {background-color: #cccccc;}</style>');

since I need the changes to take effect after the page has loaded, triggered by a link such as

<a onmouseclick="Clicker(1)" href="#">clic</a>

and using a command like

document.body.style.background = '#cccccc';

may not suffice for more complex scenarios where I need to modify elements like td.myclass or manipulate sibling elements indicated by 

th[scope=col]+th[scope=col]+th[scope=col]
.

Can anyone provide guidance on how to achieve this? Thank you!

javascriptcssstylesheet

Answer №1

In JavaScript, the document.styleSheets list allows for direct manipulation of stylesheets.

Here is an example:

<html>
<head>
<title>Modifying a stylesheet rule with CSSOM</title>
<style type="text/css">
body {
 background-color: red;
}
</style>
<script type="text/javascript">
var stylesheet = document.styleSheets[1];
stylesheet.cssRules[0].style.backgroundColor="blue";
</script>
<body>
The stylesheet declaration for the body's background color is modified via JavaScript.
</body>
</html>

This example was provided by Mozilla Contributors and sourced from:

Answer №2

To easily access and modify the CSS properties of any DOM element, you can simply set the properties of the style object. For example, to change the background color of a DOM element with an id of #yourid, you would use the following code:

document.getElementById('yourid').style.backgroundColor = "#f3f3f3";

It's important to note that CSS properties consisting of two words separated by a hyphen, such as background-color or font-size, are converted to camelCase notation (e.g., backgroundColor and fontSize), while single-word properties remain unchanged.

Answer №3

document.getElementsByClassName('myclass')[NUM].style['background-color'] = '#eee';

For instance:

document.getElementsByClassName('myclass')[2].style['background-color'] = '#eee';
document.getElementsByClassName('myclass')[3].style['background-color'] = '#eee';


To change all span.myclass

var myObj = document.getElementsByClassName('myclass');
for(var j=0; j<myObj.length; j++){
  myObj[j].style['background-color'] = '#eee';
}

Answer №4

Creating unique identifiers with the id attribute is essential for styling and JavaScript functionality on a webpage. While you can assign this attribute to multiple elements, each should have a distinct value.

On the other hand, using the class attribute allows for more flexibility but requires extra steps to target specific elements. To isolate elements by class, one must navigate through the DOM hierarchy effectively.

Incorporating JavaScript enhances dynamic manipulation of elements. By employing functions like document.getElementById, individual elements can be accessed and modified based on their unique identifiers. For class-based selection, document.getElementsByTagName comes into play followed by an iterative process to filter elements with matching classes.

Answer №5

<html>
 <head>
  <style type="text/css">
    html, body, div, span, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre, a, img, ol, ul,
    li, fieldset, form, label, legend, table, caption, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td {
     margin: 0;
     padding: 0;
     border: 0;
     font-size: 100%;
     font: inherit;
     vertical-align: baseline;
     font-family:Segoe UI, sans-serif;
    }
   .header, .container, .footer {
    min-height:100px;
   }
   .header {
    background-color:#757575;
   }
   .container {
       background-color:#cccccc;
   }
   .footer {
    background-color:#757575;   
   }
   .header, .footer, .column {
    text-align:center;
   }
   .column {
    float:left;
    min-width:300px;
    border-left:1px solid blue;
    border-right:1px solid blue;
    margin-left:10px;
   }
  </style>
  <script type="text/javascript">
   function headerContentFooter(headerRatio, footerRatio) {
    totalHeight = document.height;
    headerHeight = 0;
    containerHeight = 0;
    footerHeight = 0;
    if(headerRatio < 0.5 && footerRatio < 0.5) {
     headerHeight = totalHeight * headerRatio;
     footerHeight = totalHeight * footerRatio;
     containerHeight = totalHeight - (headerHeight + footerHeight);
     document.getElementsByClassName("header")[0].style.height = "" + headerHeight + "px";
     document.getElementsByClassName("container")[0].style.height = "" + containerHeight + "px";
     document.getElementsByClassName("footer")[0].style.height = "" + footerHeight + "px";
     document.getElementsByClassName("header")[0].style.minHeight = "" + headerHeight + "px";
     document.getElementsByClassName("container")[0].style.minHeight = "" + containerHeight + "px";
     document.getElementsByClassName("footer")[0].style.minHeight = "" + footerHeight + "px";
     document.getElementsByClassName("header")[0].style.maxHeight = "" + headerHeight + "px";
     document.getElementsByClassName("container")[0].style.maxHeight = "" + containerHeight + "px";
     document.getElementsByClassName("footer")[0].style.maxHeight = "" + footerHeight + "px";
    }
   }
  </script>
 </head>
 <body>
  <div class="header">HEADER</div>
  <div class="container">
   <div class="column">LEFT</div><div class="column">CENTER</div><div class="column">RIGHT</div>
  </div>
  <div class="footer">FOOTER</div>
  <script type="text/javascript">
   headerContentFooter(0.05, 0.05);
  </script>
 </body>
</html>

Answer №6

For those looking to incorporate intricate selectors such as th[scope=col], utilizing jQuery is recommended.

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