Mismatched communication in the menu between the list item <li> and the anchor tag <a>

Why is the dropdown ul in 'Menu Item 2' not aligned at the top of its parent li element?

Despite setting the dropdown ul CSS as:

position:absolute;
top:0;
left:0;

I expected it to cover the entire parent element from the top left corner.

Some puzzling observations:

My goal is for the parent menu to be clickable and feature a dropdown in certain scenarios. In cases where there is a dropdown, the parent menu <li> contains an <a> element with padding to increase the clickable area. This padding also extends to the containing <li>, as the li:hover effect also encompasses the padded area. This behavior functions as intended.

However, when the dropdown is displayed and aligned with the <li>, the <li> appears to occupy the position prior to being expanded by the <a>. Upon inspection in Chrome and Firefox, the <li> element does not completely fill the same space as the <a>, resulting in the dropdown being positioned slightly below my intended location.

While I understand that I could use top:SOME_NEGATIVE_OFFSET for the absolutely positioned dropdown, this approach feels somewhat inelegant and I am keen to comprehend the root cause of the issue.

This is my first post, so kindly bear with me :)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>DropDownTest</title>
<style>
ul{
  list-style:none;
  margin:0;
  padding:0;
}
li{
  display:block;
  position:relative;
}
li>a{
  padding:1rem;
  background-color:grey;
}
li>a:hover{
  background-color:lightgray;
}
.mainbar>li{
 float:left;
}
li.hasDrop:hover>ul{
  display:block;
}
.dropContent{
  display:none;
  position:absolute;
  top:0; /*not working as expected*/
  left:0;
  margin:0;/*thought this might have helped but no*/
  padding:0;
  z-index:1;
  list-style:none;
  min-width:100%;
}
.dropContent>li>a{
  display:block;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<ul class="mainbar">
  <li><a href="#">Menu Item 1</a></li>
    <li class="hasDrop">
      <a href="#">Menu Item 2</a>
      <ul class="dropContent">
        <li><a href="#">Sub 1</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Sub 2</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Sub 3</a></li>
      </ul>
  </li>
  <li><a href="#">Menu Item 3</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</body>
</html>

Answer №1

The issue arises because the a element is receiving padding as an inline element.

To correct this, modify the following rule:

li>a {
  padding: 1rem;
  background-color: grey;
  display: block; /* correction */
}

ul {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

li {
  display: block;
  position: relative;
}

li>a {
  padding: 1rem;
  background-color: grey;
  display: block; /* correction */
}

li>a:hover {
  background-color: lightgray;
}

.mainbar>li {
  float: left;
}

li.hasDrop:hover>ul {
  display: block;
}

.dropContent {
  display: none;
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  /*not working as expected*/
  left: 0;
  margin: 0;
  /*thought this might have helped but no*/
  padding: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  list-style: none;
  min-width: 100%;
}

.dropContent>li>a {
  display: block;
}
<div>
  <ul class="mainbar">
    <li><a href="#">Menu Item 1</a></li>
    
    <li class="hasDrop">
      <a href="#">Menu Item 2</a>
      <ul class="dropContent">
        <li><a href="#">Sub 1</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Sub 2</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Sub 3</a></li>
      </ul>
    </li>
    
    <li><a href="#">Menu Item 3</a></li>
  </ul>
</div>

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