Is it recommended to apply the ARIA directory role to a breadcrumb navigation list?

Currently, I am working on enhancing the accessibility of a breadcrumbs component that is structured around a <ul> element. In my quest for solutions, I came across the concept of ARIA roles and specifically the directory role. While it seems like a potential match for my breadcrumbs component, I find myself grappling with the task of determining its suitability and ensuring that my component meets all the necessary criteria outlined in the role's description. Below, you can view a demonstration of the styling and structure of my breadcrumbs list:

ul.breadcrumbs {
  display: -webkit-box;
  display: -webkit-flex;
  display: flex;
  list-style: none;
  margin: 10px 8px;
  padding: 0;
  border-radius: 4px;
  box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}
ul.breadcrumbs li {
  -webkit-box-flex: 1;
  max-width: 100%;
  -webkit-flex-grow: 1;
  flex-grow: 1;
  -webkit-flex-basis: 0;
  flex-basis: 0;
  position: relative;
  text-align: center;
  background: #e0e0e0;
  height: 32px;
  line-height: 32px;
  margin-right: 18px;

/* Additional CSS stylings omitted for brevity */
}
<ul class="breadcrumbs">
  <li><a href="#">Root</a>
  </li>
  <li><a href="#">Folder</a>
  </li>
  <li>File</li>
</ul>

Answer №1

The crumbspan microformat incorporates the role navigation, which appears to be a more suitable choice:

Additionally, check out this related query: Proper ARIA handling of breadcrumb navigation

Answer №2

Simple answer: Not recommended. It is better to utilize the navigation role instead.

Detailed response

By employing the <nav> HTML5 element, the navigation role will be automatically implied.

<nav></nav>

<!-- which is equal to -->
<div role="navigation"></div>

To create an accessible breadcrumb component, follow these steps:

<nav aria-label="breadcrumbs">
  <ol>
    <li>
      <a href="/">
        Home
      </a>
      <span aria-hidden="true">→<span>
    </li>
    <li>
      <a href="/parent">
        Parent
      </a>
      <span aria-hidden="true">→<span>
    </li>
    <li>
      <a
        href="/parent/current"
        aria-current="location"
      >
        Current
      </a>
    </li>
  </ol>
</nav>

Key points to consider:

  • Prefer using <nav> for automatic implementation of the navigation landmark (your initial inquiry).
  • Utilize aria-label to assign a descriptive name to the <nav> (especially if there are multiple <nav> elements on the page).
  • Employ <ol> to organize the links in a hierarchical structure for better comprehension by screen reader users.
  • Apply aria-current="location" or aria-current="page" on the last link to signify the current page.
  • (optional) If the breadcrumb separator is visible in HTML, ensure it is hidden from screen readers using aria-hidden="true".

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