Adapt the full screen element to fit the size of the viewport

Is there a way to make graphical elements work like resizable Finder or Windows Explorer windows on a computer screen? I want the window to fill up 100% of the viewport with 15px margins on all sides. However, my current coding is causing the .window element to adjust according to the content rather than taking up the entire viewport with margins included. Could it be that I need to set the body/head height/width to 100% as well? What am I missing as a beginner?

.window {
background:url("http://theinspirationgallery.com/wallpaper/ivy/images/wp_ivy_142.jpg");
width:100%;
height:100%;
margin: 15px 15px 15px 15px;
}

You can view the JSFiddle here.

htmlcssgraphic

Answer №1

To achieve the desired effect, you can utilize absolute positioning creatively.

Check out a demonstration on JSBin: http://jsbin.com/jovutace/1/

The CSS code for this method is as follows:

html, body {
    height: 100%;
    width: 100%;
    margin: 0; padding: 0;
}

.window {
    background:url("http://theinspirationgallery.com/wallpaper/ivy/images/wp_ivy_142.jpg");
    top: 15px;
    left: 15px;
    right: 15px;
    bottom: 15px;
    position: absolute;
}

The initial CSS rule ensures that both the <html> and <body> elements occupy the entire viewport. The use of margin and padding properties eliminates any default browser styles (although employing a complete CSS reset is advisable).

The subsequent rule positions the .window div absolutely and aligns it 15 pixels from each edge effectively.

Typically, I do not advocate for absolute positioning; however, in this scenario, there seems to be some anomalous behavior when employing relative positioning with height: 100%; width:100%; on the .window.

In the JavaScript Bin demo, I set the HTML background color to yellow for enhanced visibility, making it simpler to discern the image boundaries while adjusting the window size.

Answer №2

http://jsfiddle.net/ZXw3Y/1/

div {
    background:url("http://theinspirationgallery.com/wallpaper/leaves/images/wp_leaves_123.jpg");
    margin: 20px;
    position: absolute;
    width: calc(100% - 40px);
    height: calc(100% - 40px);
}

< div > serves as your viewing screen.

We are incorporating the modern approach of using calc() for dynamic layouts. This method allows for flexible margins in a percentage format, catering to contemporary browser capabilities.

It is important to note the necessity of "position: absolute;" in this context, although "position: fixed;" may also be suitable depending on your requirements.

P.S.: The default "margin: 0;" applied to the < body > element by webkit browsers can be disregarded with the use of a CSS reset like (among other options).

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