What techniques does Twitter use to insert labels into text boxes?

When I visited the Twitter login page, I noticed something interesting - the labels for input fields were inside the input fields themselves. It seemed to be accomplished using a common trick involving javascript/jquery. Intrigued, I delved into the Twitter source code to see how they achieved this unique design. Upon inspecting their code, I came across an onChange event that added a class 'hasome' to a parent div and included a default text as a span element, which curiously did not have the property display:none applied to it.

Despite my efforts to analyze their HTML/CSS/JS files, I could not pinpoint the exact methods they were using. So, I'm reaching out to ask if anyone can shed some light on how Twitter is able to pull off this clever UI feature?

Edit Twitter's implementation:

<div class="placeholding-input username hasome">
    <input type="text" class="text-input email-input" name="session[username_or_email]" title="Username or email" autocomplete="on" tabindex="1">
    <span class="placeholder">Username or email</span>
</div>

I've included the relevant snippet of Twitter's HTML in this question. It appears that by adding just one class 'hasome' to the parent div, the desired effect is achieved. However, upon inspection using browser tools like Firebug, no specific properties seem to be assigned to the 'hasome' class. This leaves me wondering where exactly in their codebase this functionality is defined, or whether CSS plays a role in achieving this interaction.

Answer №1

When the fashionable class is added to the main div, it actually affects the styling of the inner span element. So when inspecting with Firebug (or another developer tool), focus on the span rather than the div to understand what changes are being made.

You will notice that the CSS rules being applied are from the file t1_stylish_design_bundle.css:

.has-text .placeholder, .fashionable .placeholder
{
    font-size:0!important;
    z-index:-1;
    -moz-opacity:0;
    opacity:0;
    -ms-filter:"progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Alpha(Opacity=0)";
    filter:alpha(opacity=0);
}

The ".fashionable .placeholder" part of the rule is what matters here: if an element with the .placeholder style is within a parent element with the .fashionable class, then specific methods are used to hide that child element. This demonstrates the common practice in CSS of using a parent class to influence the appearance of its children or descendants.

Answer №2

The technique involves overlaying a span with absolute positioning on top of the field, which is then hidden once any input is detected (and shown again when the field is empty). The quick hiding process ensures that the visibility of the field isn't obstructed by the span. Strangely, it appears labels were not utilized in this instance, despite there being no apparent reason to omit them.

Answer №3

While their approach may differ, achieving the same outcome is possible by utilizing the placeholder attribute in HTML5.

It's worth noting that this feature is widely supported by the majority of modern browsers, except for Internet Explorer. If IE compatibility is not a priority for you, feel free to implement this solution.

Answer №4

This is related to CSS. contains the rule:

.example .placeholder{font-size:0!important;z-index:-1;-moz-opacity:0;opacity:0;-ms-filter:"progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Alpha(Opacity=0)";filter:alpha(opacity=0);}

If a .placeholder is within a .example, its opacity is set to 0, making it invisible.

It may not be my preferred method, but that's how they've chosen to implement it.

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