What strategies should be considered for styling AngularJS components?

Currently, I am engaged in a project using AngularJS with the intention of gradually organizing things for Angular 6 or whichever version is available when we begin the upgrade process. A significant part of this endeavor involves converting existing directives into components.

The main issue I am facing is that each instance of a component adds an extra element to the DOM, wrapping my actual component HTML and disrupting the hierarchy. This makes it quite challenging to write CSS that functions as intended.

To better illustrate my predicament, consider a basic component named alert designed to style various types of messages meant to grab a user's attention. It has two bindings - message and type. Depending on the type, special styling will be applied along with possibly displaying a unique icon. All display logic should be contained within the component so that users simply need to ensure they input the data correctly for it to function properly.

<alert message="someCtrl.someVal" type="someCtrl.someVal"></alert>

Option A: add styling to a <div> inside the additional element

Component template

<div
    class="alert"
    ng-class="{'alert--success': alert.type === 'success', 'alert--error': alert.type === 'error'}">
    <div class="alert__message">{{alert.message}}</div>
    <a class="alert__close" ng-click="alert.close()">
</div>

Sass

.alert {

    & + & {
        margin-top: 1rem; // will not work as intended
    }

    &--success {
        background-color: green; // functional
    }

    &--error {
        background-color: red; // functional
    }
}

This method works well if the component remains unaware of its surroundings. However, once you want to place it inside a flex-parent or utilize a selector like "+", issues arise.

Option B: attempt to style the additional element directly

Component template

<div class="alert__message">{{alert.message}}</div>
<a class="alert__close" ng-click="alert.close()">

Sass

alert {

    & + & {
        margin-top: 1rem; // now functional
    }

    .alert--success {
        background-color: green; // no designated location for placement
    }

    .alert--error {
        background-color: red; // no designated location for placement
    }
}

Now, the issue shifts to finding where to apply modifier classes for success and error conditions.

Is there something I am overlooking? What would be the optimal approach to address the presence of this additional element that exceeds the confines of the component itself?

Answer №1

In my personal opinion, I prefer option A. This approach enables you to easily distinguish and establish specific styles for your components without worrying about them overriding site-wide styles. For example, I often utilize nested styles like this:

#componentContainer {
    input[type=text] {
        background-color: red;
    }
}

With this method, you can create generic component styles that are contained within the component itself, preventing any unwanted style leakage into other parts of your project.

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