I recently discovered a much simpler solution. (Yes, I am aware that this is an old question, but someone looking into the same issue may find this helpful.)
Originally, I was using an SVG named hamburger.svg. Upon inspecting it with a text editor, I couldn't locate any code defining the color for the three lines - my assumption is that it defaults to black since that is the behavior I experienced. To resolve this, I added a "stroke" parameter to the SVG definition. Although this didn't completely solve the problem initially - the borders of the lines were white as intended, but the rest remained black - I also included a "fill" parameter and that did the trick!
Below is the complete code for the original hamburger.svg:
<?xml version="1.0" ?><!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC '-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN' 'http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd'><svg height="32px" id="Layer_1" style="enable-background:new 0 0 32 32;" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="32px" xml:space="preserve" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><path d="M4,10h24c1.104,0,2-0.896,2-2s-0.896-2-2-2H4C2.896,6,2,6.896,2,8S2.896,10,4,10z M28,14H4c-1.104,0-2,0.896-2,2 s0.896,2,2,2h24c1.104,0,2-0.896,2-2S29.104,14,28,14z M28,22H4c-1.104,0-2,0.896-2,2
s0.896,2,2,2h24c1.104,0,2-0.896,2-2 S29.104,22,28,22z"/></svg>
And here is the code for the revised SVG which I saved as hamburger_white.svg:
<?xml version="1.0" ?><!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC '-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN' 'http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd'><svg height="32px" id="Layer_1" style="enable-background:new 0 0 32 32;" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="32px" xml:space="preserve" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><path d="M4,10h24c1.104,0,2-0.896,2-2s-0.896-2-2-2H4C2.896,6,2,6.896,2,8S2.896,10,4,10z M28,14H4c-1.104,0-2,0.896-2,2 s0.896,2,2,2h24c1.104,0,2-0.896,2-2S29.104,14,28,14z M28,22H4c-1.104,0-2,0.896-2,2s0.
896,2,2,2h24c1.104,0,2-0.896,2-2 S29.104,22,28,22z" stroke="white" fill="white"/></svg>
You will notice by scrolling all the way to the right, I simply added:
stroke="white" fill="white"
at the very end of the path. Additionally, I had to update the file name of the hamburger in the HTML. No adjustments to the CSS were necessary, and there was no need to search for another icon.
That's all there is to it! You can follow this approach to customize your hamburger icon with any color you prefer.