What is the functionality of background attachment fixed?

I am curious about how background images behave when the background-attachment property is set to fixed. Here are my questions:

  1. If I set a background image for a div with dimensions of 500px by 500px and add a 1px solid red border, then apply background-size: 100% 100%, why does the size of the background image end up being slightly larger than 500px? And why does the size change when the viewport size changes?

  2. Is there a way to set a minimum height for the background image so that it doesn't shrink below a certain height when the viewport size changes?

htmlcss

Answer №1

When you set the background to fixed, it becomes relative to the body element. This is why using a size of 100% 100% will result in a greater width than the div itself. The width will match the body's width, not the div.

If you want to specify a fixed height, you simply need to set it in px. However, keep in mind that in this case the image will not maintain its aspect ratio:

div {
  background: url(//c6.staticflickr.com/8/7389/26907631325_f8b05bb68d_c.jpg) fixed left top/100% 433px no-repeat;
  width: 800px;
  height: 433px;
}

html {
  height: 10000px;
}
<div>
  
</div>

Answer №2

  1. The image appears slightly larger than 500px due to the inclusion of the border in its dimensions. Consequently, the background image will be 502x502 when utilizing this method.

  2. By setting a max-width and max-height on your background property, you can ensure that the image does not scale below a specified pixel size.

Why does the size of a background image adjust when I resize the viewport?

This occurs because the image size is defined in %. The % value signifies a percentage of the parent element's size. In this scenario, the parent is the viewport (similar to vh and vw) and will adapt its size according to changes in the viewport dimensions.

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