Take a look at this example:
This demo features an outer div that is 200px wide to set the page width. Inside, there is an inner div that is 400px wide, but with negative margins of -100px on both sides.
The goal here is for the browser to recognize the total content width as 200px, not 400px. However, when the window is resized to less than 400px, horizontal scrollbars appear. What could be causing this unexpected behavior?
When using negative margins, the width of the div remains unaffected. Instead, a negative left margin will shift the div to the left within the page flow, while a negative right margin allows overlapping of elements on the right side of the div equal to the margin size.
You can visualize this effect on this jsFiddle example.
To contain a large div within a smaller one without it overflowing, consider using overflow: hidden as suggested in response to your question.
Gareth's response is accurate. Even when using negative margin, the division remains part of the standard page flow and will not be disregarded in terms of layout. Genuine page material must not be overlooked for scrolling reasons.
Nevertheless, if you are aiming for a certain look, like having a shadow along the edges of the page that exceeds the maximum width, this can be accomplished with a background - refer to this question for more information.
As mentioned by Gareth previously, margins have no impact on the size of the box. The solution is quite straightforward. The outer container should be set to 400px, which will prompt horizontal scroll bars to appear. The inner container should be 200px with left and right margins of 100px each. Upon resizing the window, the scroll bars will show up once you go smaller than the outer container.
Consider incorporating the following CSS snippet...
body {
overflow-y: scroll;
overflow: -moz-scrollbars-vertical;
}
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