What distinguishes between employing a div versus a canvas element for a three.js display?

While it is commonly believed that three.js requires the HTML5 <canvas> element, I have found success in using a simple <div> by assigning height and width properties and then adding the WebGLRenderer.domElement as its child within the HTML structure. Surprisingly, when I try to use a <canvas> instead of a <div>, the scene remains entirely black.

What could be causing this difference? How should the approach change in each scenario?

My hypothesis is that <div> elements, when properly sized, can function similarly to a canvas while still offering the benefits of an <canvas> element. However, full support for the HTML5 <canvas> element from the browser may be necessary for proper functionality. It would be reassuring to verify this theory with someone more knowledgeable in the subject.

javascripthtmlcssthree.js

Answer №1

There are a couple of methods to achieve this. One option is to attach the renderer's DOM element (which is a <canvas> element) to another DOM element like you have done (if you inspect the contents of the <div>, you will see the <canvas>). Alternatively, you can reference an existing <canvas> in the renderer's constructor:

renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({ canvas: document.querySelector('canvas') })

In both scenarios, you will end up with a <canvas> element in your DOM at runtime. The difference lies in how you handle it - either by appending it from within your script or by predefining it in the HTML document.

Answer №2

When rendering with Three.js, the canvas element is generated automatically without the need for manual insertion. By inspecting your developer tools, you can easily locate the canvas within the body tags. Therefore, there is no requirement to include a div or canvas element in your HTML code.

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