What causes the <td> element to extend beyond the boundaries of the <table>?

I need to add next and previous buttons to a <td> that has an asp:DropDownList. However, when I do this, the <td> ends up overflowing the width of the table.

Here is the edited code snippet with the entire table included:

<table class="DataEntry" border="1">
  <caption>Adding New Record</caption>
  <tr>
    <th scope="col" colspan="3">&nbsp;&nbsp;Add To Invoice&nbsp;&nbsp;</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td colspan="3" >
     <div style="white-space:nowrap;">
       <asp:ImageButton ID="PreviousInvoiceAdding" runat="server" ImageUrl="~/Images/Previous16x16.png" OnClick="PreviousInvoice_Click" ToolTip="Previous" />
       <asp:DropDownList ID="DropDownListInvoice" runat="server" AutoPostBack="true" CssClass="rMidiEntrySelect" OnSelectedIndexChanged="DropDownListInvoice_SelectedIndexChanged" />
       <asp:ImageButton ID="NextInvoiceAdding" runat="server" ImageUrl="~/Images/Next16x16.png" OnClick="NextInvoice_Click" ToolTip="Next" />
     </div>
    </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <th scope="col">&nbsp;&nbsp;Cost&nbsp;&nbsp;</th>
    <th scope="col" colspan="2">&nbsp;&nbsp;Date Purchased&nbsp;&nbsp;</th>
  </tr>
  <t/... other rows .../>...
</table>

Result:

The class="DataEntry" on the <table> and the

CssClass="rMidiEntrySelect"
on the asp:DropDownList are not causing any issues (as I have stripped them out to verify).

I have tried a few variations such as

<td colspan="3" style="white-space:nowrap;">
without the <div> with no luck.

Excluding the Previous and Next buttons, the code structure looks like this:

<table class="DataEntry" border="1">
  <caption>Adding New Record</caption>
  <tr>
    <th scope="col" colspan="3"& gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;Add To Invoice&nbsp;&nbsp;</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td colspan="3" >
      <asp:DropDownList ID="DropDownListInvoice" runat="server" AutoPostBack="true" CssClass="rMidiEntrySelect" OnSelectedIndexChanged="DropDownListInvoice_SelectedIndexChanged" />
    </td>
  .
  .
  .
</table>

Below is the relevant CSS for reference:

 
//CSS code here

Additional information about my concern:


//HTML output here

I am questioning this setup due to the unexpected behavior that seems to be violating basic HTML rules. The structure should follow a hierarchy where a TD is a child of TR, which in turn is a child of TABLE, ensuring that nothing within the TABLE exceeds its boundaries.

Answer №1

It's unclear why exactly, but the culprit behind the overflow is likely the width: 100% setting on the DropDownListInvoice, combined with the white-space:nowrap; property of the container div.

When testing in a jsFiddle with these rules applied:

and then removing them:

It appears that the browser's calculation of element width may be impacting the layout.

  • The table occupies 100% of its parent's width
  • The table row takes up 100% of its parent table's width
  • The table data cell stretches to 100% of its parent table row (due to column-span)
  • Inline elements like inputs only occupy necessary width
  • A select box fills 100% of its parent cell's width

In normal circumstances, the inputs and select would stack vertically. However, the white-space rule forces them into a single line, causing overflow within the containing div.

You can experiment with this behavior in a jsFiddle demonstrating overflow caused by form elements: https://jsfiddle.net/p8oqfw7h/1/

To achieve the desired layout regardless of content, consider utilizing flex-box. While I don't currently have a solution handy for implementation, it shouldn't be too complex if you are familiar with flex-box properties.

Answer №2

By simply adding display:flex in this div element:

<div style="white-space:nowrap;display: flex;">

table.DataEntry {
border-color: #00274C;
border-style: solid;
border-width: 2px;
border-collapse: collapse;
padding: 4px; 
color: white;
font-size: 10pt;
}

table.DataEntry caption {
background-color: #004280;
color: #FFD11A;/* #FFCB05;*/
border-color: #00274C;
border-style: solid;
border-width: 2px;
border-collapse: collapse;
padding: 4px;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 12pt;
white-space: nowrap;
text-decoration: underline;
text-underline-position: under;
text-align:center; 
caption-side: top;
vertical-align: top;
}

table.DataEntry th {
background-color: #00274C;
color: #FFCB05;
text-align:center; 
}

.rMidiEntryLabel {
width: 100%;
color: white;
background-color: black; 
padding-left: 4px;  
padding-right: 2px;
border-style: none;
text-align: center !important;
}

.rMidiEntryText {
width: 100%;
color: white;
background-color: black; 
padding-left: 4px;  
padding-right: 2px;
border-style: none;
text-align: center !important;
}

.rMidiEntrySelect {
width: 100%;
color: white;
background-color: black; 
padding-left: 4px;  
padding-right: 2px;
text-align: center !important;
}
<table class="DataEntry" border="1">
    <caption>Adding New Record</caption>
    <tr>
      <th scope="col" colspan="3">&nbsp;&nbsp;Add To Invoice&nbsp;&nbsp;</th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td colspan="3" >
        <div style="white-space:nowrap;display: flex;">
          <input type="image" name="ctl00$MainContent$PreviousInvoiceAdding" id="MainContent_PreviousInvoiceAdding" title="Previous" src="Images/Previous16x16.png" />
            <select name="ctl00$MainContent$DropDownListInvoice" onchange="javascript:setTimeout(&#39;__doPostBack(\&#39;ctl00$MainContent$DropDownListInvoice\&#39;,\&#39;\&#39;)&#39;, 0)" id="MainContent_DropDownListInvoice" class="rMidiEntrySelect">
              <option selected="selected" value="ee29b399-34a7-4024-819d-790c9903d4b5~12/11/2023 12:00:00 PM">PayPal: 53S99726XA966511X Brian Garmins Jr.</option>
              <option value="3013ce76-18e3-4458-b4c0-1c17ca46a503~11/28/2023 12:00:00 PM">PayPal: 6F945766E4687834E Nelson Laquindanum</option>
              <option value="722137b5-3201-408a-bd90-9cac6d72829f~11/23/2023 12:00:00 PM">Amazon 111-3584319-8686651</option>
              <option value="4aee9017-8930-4028-ad3f-ff1c494e91bb~10/30/2023 12:00:00 PM">PayPal: 8FL63970TJ5988418 Shake Ums</option>
              <option value="b9995175-f516-4366-9b30-32f03830c724~10/25/2023 12:00:00 PM">PayPal: 4WR12564FW882444X Brett Shumock</option>
              <option value="ec0f668b-1fe7-4424-9264-fc0825b9e999~10/18/2023 12:00:00 PM">PayPal: 6L091961CE7545104 Brandon Reigert</option>       
            </select>
          <input type="image" name="ctl00$MainContent$NextInvoiceAdding" id="MainContent_NextInvoiceAdding" title="Next" src="Images/Next16x16.png" />
        </div>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <th scope="col">&nbsp;&nbsp;Cost&nbsp;&nbsp;</th>
      <th scope="col" colspan="2">&nbsp;&nbsp;Date Purchased&nbsp;&nbsp;</th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>
         <asp:TextBox ID="Cost" runat="server" CssClass="rMidiEntryText" MaxLength="8"/>
      </td>
      <td colspan="2">
        <div style="text-align: center">
           <asp:Label ID="DatePurchased" runat="server" class="rMidiEntryLabel"/>
        </div>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <th scope="col">&nbsp;&nbsp;Volume Type&nbsp;&nbsp;</th>
      <th scope="col">&nbsp;&nbsp;Measurement&nbsp;&nbsp;</th>
      <th scope="col">&nbsp;&nbsp;Units&nbsp;&nbsp;</th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>
         <select ID="SelectVolumeType" name="Measurement" runat="server" class="rMidiEntrySelect" disabled >
             <option value="0">Liquid</option>
             <option value="1">Weight</option>
         </select>
      </td>
      <td>
         <asp:DropDownList  ID="SelectMeasurement" runat="server" AutoPostBack="true" CssClass="rMidiEntrySelect" />
      </td>
      <td>
          <asp:TextBox ID="Units" runat="server" CssClass="rMidiEntryText" />
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <th scope="col" colspan="3">&nbsp;&nbsp;Invoice Reference&nbsp;&nbsp;</th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td colspan="3">
          <asp:TextBox ID="InvoiceRef" runat="server" CssClass="rMidiEntryText" MaxLength="100"/>
      </td>
    </tr>
  </table>

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