The differences between using the opacity attribute in HTML and the opacity property

There are two distinct methods for adjusting opacity in HTML:

<div opacity="0.5"></div>
and

<div style="opacity: 0.5;"></div>

I am familiar with setting these values in JavaScript as well:

div.setAttribute("opacity", 0.5);
and

div.style.opacity = 0.5

What are the major distinctions between these two approaches? Is there a recommended preference? (I assume consistency is key)

Answer №1

The opacity attribute that I am familiar with is specifically used for SVGs, as stated in the documentation.

Examples of Elements

Various elements in SVG can utilize the opacity attribute:

Graphics elements, <a>, <defs>, <glyph>, <g>, <marker>, <missing-glyph>, <pattern>, <svg>, <switch>, <symbol>

Your attempt to use

<div opacity="0.5"></div>
in HTML is invalid. In order to adjust the opacity of HTML elements, CSS styling should be applied.

Answer №2

Using CSS can often be more efficient than relying on Javascript for styling purposes. If you can achieve your desired effect with CSS alone, it is preferable to avoid unnecessary scripting.

CSS specificity rules dictate that inline styles and HTML attributes take precedence over External or Embedded CSS. However, while inline CSS can be useful in certain project scenarios, it is generally not considered best practice.

Optimal CSS opacity implementation:

img {
    opacity: 0.4;
    filter: alpha(opacity=40); /* For compatibility with IE8 and earlier */
}

https://css-tricks.com/almanac/properties/o/opacity/

img {
  /* Preferred approach for IE 8 & 9 (more valid) */
  /* ...though not essential as filter also functions */
  /* should precede filter */
  -ms-filter:"progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Alpha(Opacity=50)"; // IE8

  /* This method is effective in IE versions 5-7 as well */
  filter: alpha(opacity=50); // IE 5-7

  /* Modern Browser support */
  opacity: 0.5;
}

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