Is there a way to create this dynamic design without relying on JavaScript?

Question

Is there a way to create this dynamic design without relying on JavaScript?

I am attempting to achieve a specific design without relying on JS, a demonstration can be viewed at jsfiddle.net/k2h5b/.

Essentially, I want to showcase two images, both centered, one as the background and one as the foreground:

Background Image: Should take up the entire window while maintaining aspect ratio, resulting in the image always touching two opposite edges of the window with cropping.
Forground Image: Should be contained within the window while preserving aspect ratio, meaning the image will always touch two opposite edges of the window without being cropped.
Whether it's a <div> or an <img> tag doesn't matter, as long as they display the images accordingly.
Assume that the image sizes are known beforehand and can be utilized in the CSS or HTML sections.

My inquiry is: can this layout be achieved using solely CSS or CSS3?

If it's not feasible, I am open to suggestions that come close to my objective.

Examples:

Illustration of the background image cropped from the top and bottom:
Representation of the background image when cropped from the left and right:

html css

Answer 1

Answer №1

After reviewing the response from @Kent Brewster, I believe that all of the OP's requirements can be met.

This solution avoids the issue of the foreground image being cropped and allows for a constant margin around it. Instead of using an img tag, we utilize a div due to the use of background images. You can find the live example at this link, along with the following code snippet:

<div id='bg'></div>
<div id='fg'></div>

#bg {
  position: absolute;
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
  background-image: url(http://i.imgur.com/iOvxJ.jpg);
   background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-position: 50% 50%;
  background-size: cover;
}
#fg {
  position: absolute;
  top: 10px;
  left: 10px;
  bottom: 10px;
  right: 10px;
  opacity: .7;
  background-image: url(http://i.imgur.com/HP9tp.jpg);
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-position: 50% 50%;
  background-size: contain;
}

Answer 2

After reviewing the response from @Kent Brewster, I believe that all of the OP's requirements can be met.

This solution avoids the issue of the foreground image being cropped and allows for a constant margin around it. Instead of using an img tag, we utilize a div due to the use of background images. You can find the live example at this link, along with the following code snippet:

<div id='bg'></div>
<div id='fg'></div>

#bg {
  position: absolute;
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
  background-image: url(http://i.imgur.com/iOvxJ.jpg);
   background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-position: 50% 50%;
  background-size: cover;
}
#fg {
  position: absolute;
  top: 10px;
  left: 10px;
  bottom: 10px;
  right: 10px;
  opacity: .7;
  background-image: url(http://i.imgur.com/HP9tp.jpg);
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-position: 50% 50%;
  background-size: contain;
}

Answer 3

Answer №2

Give this a shot:

<html>
<style>
body {
  margin: 0;
}
#bg {
  position: absolute;
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
  background: transparent url(bg.jpg) 50% 50% no-repeat;
  background-size: cover;
}
#fg {
  position: absolute;
  height: 90%;
  width: 90%;
  top: 5%;
  left: 5%;
  background: transparent url(fg.jpg) 50% 50% no-repeat;
  background-size: cover;
  opacity: .7;
}
</style>
<body>
<div id="bg"></div>
<div id="fg"></div>
</body>
</html>

If the scaling requirement is adjustable, it could be effective. Check out http://jsfiddle.net/k2h5b/5/ to view it in action.

Answer 4

Give this a shot:

<html>
<style>
body {
  margin: 0;
}
#bg {
  position: absolute;
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
  background: transparent url(bg.jpg) 50% 50% no-repeat;
  background-size: cover;
}
#fg {
  position: absolute;
  height: 90%;
  width: 90%;
  top: 5%;
  left: 5%;
  background: transparent url(fg.jpg) 50% 50% no-repeat;
  background-size: cover;
  opacity: .7;
}
</style>
<body>
<div id="bg"></div>
<div id="fg"></div>
</body>
</html>

If the scaling requirement is adjustable, it could be effective. Check out http://jsfiddle.net/k2h5b/5/ to view it in action.

Answer 5

Answer №3

Absolutely, it can be done.

Essentially, what I did was set the background image as the background for the <body> element (although it doesn't have to be specifically the body), and then inserted the image inside with a slight margin.

<body>
  <img id='fg' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-OYlUbWqyqog/TeL-gXGx3MI/AAAAAAAAHRc/bdqvvvaeC7c/s1600/bald-eagle3.jpg'></img>
</body>

css:

body {
  margin: 0; padding: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: url('http://wallpaper.zoda.ru/bd/2006/07/21/2c7b4306fd22f049f331d43adb74a5f7.jpg') no-repeat left top;
}

#fg {
  margin: 20px 20px;
  opacity: 0.7;
}

If the window size is too large, there may be some issues. One approach could be using media queries to fetch different image sizes based on the window dimensions.

edit — If you wish for the image to crop and maintain the correct aspect ratio, knowing the image size beforehand could be crucial. Without that information, here's another alternative option.

<body>
  <div id='fg'>&nbsp;</div>
</body>

css:

body {
  margin: 0; padding: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: url('http://wallpaper.zoda.ru/bd/2006/07/21/2c7b4306fd22f049f331d43adb74a5f7.jpg') no-repeat left top;
}

body, html { width: 100%; height: 100%; }

#fg {
  margin: 2%; width: 96%; height: 96%;
  opacity: 0.7;
  background: url('http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-OYlUbWqyqog/TeL-gXGx3MI/AAAAAAAAHRc/bdqvvvaeC7c/s1600/bald-eagle3.jpg') no-repeat center center;
}

If you are aware of the image dimensions, setting max-height and max-width could be beneficial. (I will experiment with that as well :-)

another edit To ensure the background crops in a centered manner, adjusting the position to "center center" instead of "left top" might be necessary. (Or "center top" if horizontal centering is sufficient.)

Vertically centering elements using CSS without advanced non-standard features like flexbox is challenging. JavaScript might be required for such tasks. It's worth noting that utilizing JavaScript solutions can significantly slow down the browser. A possible workaround is introducing a slight delay before recalculations occur, ensuring CPU efficiency during window resizing events.

further update @Kent Brewster's suggestion for vertical centering is excellent - that trick always slips my mind :-)

Answer 6

Absolutely, it can be done.

Essentially, what I did was set the background image as the background for the <body> element (although it doesn't have to be specifically the body), and then inserted the image inside with a slight margin.

<body>
  <img id='fg' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-OYlUbWqyqog/TeL-gXGx3MI/AAAAAAAAHRc/bdqvvvaeC7c/s1600/bald-eagle3.jpg'></img>
</body>

css:

body {
  margin: 0; padding: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: url('http://wallpaper.zoda.ru/bd/2006/07/21/2c7b4306fd22f049f331d43adb74a5f7.jpg') no-repeat left top;
}

#fg {
  margin: 20px 20px;
  opacity: 0.7;
}

If the window size is too large, there may be some issues. One approach could be using media queries to fetch different image sizes based on the window dimensions.

edit — If you wish for the image to crop and maintain the correct aspect ratio, knowing the image size beforehand could be crucial. Without that information, here's another alternative option.

<body>
  <div id='fg'>&nbsp;</div>
</body>

css:

body {
  margin: 0; padding: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: url('http://wallpaper.zoda.ru/bd/2006/07/21/2c7b4306fd22f049f331d43adb74a5f7.jpg') no-repeat left top;
}

body, html { width: 100%; height: 100%; }

#fg {
  margin: 2%; width: 96%; height: 96%;
  opacity: 0.7;
  background: url('http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-OYlUbWqyqog/TeL-gXGx3MI/AAAAAAAAHRc/bdqvvvaeC7c/s1600/bald-eagle3.jpg') no-repeat center center;
}

If you are aware of the image dimensions, setting max-height and max-width could be beneficial. (I will experiment with that as well :-)

another edit To ensure the background crops in a centered manner, adjusting the position to "center center" instead of "left top" might be necessary. (Or "center top" if horizontal centering is sufficient.)

Vertically centering elements using CSS without advanced non-standard features like flexbox is challenging. JavaScript might be required for such tasks. It's worth noting that utilizing JavaScript solutions can significantly slow down the browser. A possible workaround is introducing a slight delay before recalculations occur, ensuring CPU efficiency during window resizing events.

further update @Kent Brewster's suggestion for vertical centering is excellent - that trick always slips my mind :-)

Answer 7

Answer №4

It is impossible to achieve this particular visual effect using CSS alone, primarily due to two key reasons:

When attempting to resize an image, the background property cannot be utilized, necessitating the use of an <img> tag instead. Without setting specific width and height parameters, the image will automatically expand to fill available space, potentially distorting the aspect ratio or causing cropping.
Another challenge in resizing images is achieving vertical alignment at the center of the page without precise knowledge of its dimensions.

Answer 8

It is impossible to achieve this particular visual effect using CSS alone, primarily due to two key reasons:

When attempting to resize an image, the background property cannot be utilized, necessitating the use of an <img> tag instead. Without setting specific width and height parameters, the image will automatically expand to fill available space, potentially distorting the aspect ratio or causing cropping.
Another challenge in resizing images is achieving vertical alignment at the center of the page without precise knowledge of its dimensions.

Is there a way to create this dynamic design without relying on JavaScript?

Examples:

Answer №1

Answer №2

Answer №3

Answer №4

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