Is it possible to alter the image colors with HTML5, CSS, and JS in Canvas?

Is it possible to change the colors of an image similar to Flash/ActionScript using only HTML5, CSS, and JavaScript?

For example, in Flash: EDIT: I want to replicate this process.

I am trying to achieve something like this (changing color while keeping lighting and shadows intact): without loading a new image each time; I aim to just adjust the color tone using HTML5/CSS/JS. EDIT: This is the desired outcome, not the method.

Essentially, I want to alter the palette/tone of an image while retaining other aspects such as gradients and lighting. I have come close but not quite there; currently, I use an image mask and overlay it on the original image (similar to a transparent layer). Below is some sample code (please note that this is just a snippet for demonstration purposes):

<div id='mask'>
    <canvas id='canvas' width='100' height='100'></canvas>
</div>
<button data-rgba='255,0,0,0.5'>red</button>
<button data-rgba='0,255,0,0.5'>green</button>

<script>
foo = {};
foo.ctx = jQuery('#canvas')[0];
foo.ctx_context = foo.ctx.getContext('2d');
foo.mask = jQuery('#mask')[0];
foo.img = new Image();
foo.img_path = '/path/to/image_mask.png'; // 100px x 100px image

foo.changeColor = function(rgba){
    foo.ctx_context.clearRect(0, 0, 100, 100);
    foo.ctx_context.fillStyle = 'rgba(' + rgba + ')';
    foo.ctx_context.fillRect(0, 0, 100, 100);
    foo.ctx_context.globalCompositeOperation = 'destination-atop';
    foo.ctx_context.drawImage(foo.img, 0, 0);
    foo.ctx_context.css({'background-image': "url(" + foo.ctx.toDataURL("image/png") + ")"});
};

jQuery("button").click(function(){
    foo.changeColor(jQuery(this).attr('data-rgba'));
});
</script>

The issue with this approach is that the images appear flat. It seems something is missing, or the white irregular shaped image mask I'm using may not be the best solution.

Answer №1

To effectively utilize this function, the image must first be loaded and must originate from the same domain to comply with the cross domain policy.

function modifyImage(imgElement,tintColor) {
    // Creating a hidden canvas based on image dimensions
    var canvas = document.createElement("canvas");
    canvas.width = imgElement.offsetWidth;
    canvas.height = imgElement.offsetHeight;

    var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
    ctx.drawImage(imgElement,0,0);

    var map = ctx.getImageData(0,0,320,240);
    var imdata = map.data;

    // Converting the image to grayscale
    var r,g,b,avg;
    for(var p = 0, len = imdata.length; p < len; p+=4) {
        r = imdata[p]
        g = imdata[p+1];
        b = imdata[p+2];
       
        avg = Math.floor((r+g+b)/3);

        imdata[p] = imdata[p+1] = imdata[p+2] = avg;
    }

    ctx.putImageData(map,0,0);

    // Overlay filled rectangle using lighter composition
    ctx.globalCompositeOperation = "lighter";
    ctx.globalAlpha = 0.5;
    ctx.fillStyle=tintColor;
    ctx.fillRect(0,0,canvas.width,canvas.height);

    // Replacing image source with canvas data
    imgElement.src = canvas.toDataURL();
}

If your markup resembles this:

<img id='myimage' src='image.jpg'/>

You can use the function by inputting these parameters:

modifyImage(
    document.getElementById('myImage'),
    "#550000" // for a reddish tint
);

View a working example here: http://jsfiddle.net/pHwmL/1/

Answer №2

Absolutely, extracting pixel data and applying HSV adjustments is totally doable. To achieve this, you'll want to utilize the getImageData method, which will return a UInt8Array instead of a regular JavaScript array.

If you're looking for guidance on how to implement this technique, check out this informative article here. One tip is to layer transparent canvas elements on top of each other to avoid complications when adjusting core components (like the tires or windows in your car example).

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