In what scenarios would you choose to use "class" instead of "id"?

I am currently utilizing Bootstrap to style my table, which serves as a basic to-do list. My intention is to insert a form input into one cell and place a check button in the cell adjacent to it on the right side. To achieve this, I plan to utilize id="check-button". In the event that I wish to include additional buttons through JavaScript and jQuery, I understand the necessity of using classes. Currently, I am in the process of setting up my HTML and JS.

Below is the snippet of HTML code:

<div class = "container">
  <div class="col-md-8">
    <table class="table table-hover">
      <thead>
        <tr>
          <td>To Do</td>
          <td> Status</td>
       </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
      <tr>
        <td>  
          <div class="input-group">
             <span class="input-group-addon">
             <input type="text" class="form-control" aria-label="..." placeholder="Text input" id="disabledInput">
             </span> 
           </div><!-- /input-group -->
        </td>
        <td id="check-button">
          <input type="checkbox" aria-label="...">
        </td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>
  </table>
</div>
javascriptjqueryhtmlcss

Answer №1

It is important to use the id attribute as a unique identifier in your HTML markup to ensure validity. Repeating id= attributes with the same value on the same page will result in invalid markup.

When deciding between using id and class, consider how the element will be selected in JavaScript/jQuery. If jQuery needs to target only that specific element, then id is suitable. However, if the element is part of a group and you want to apply actions to multiple items within that group, using class is more appropriate.

Combining id and class is also possible. For example:

HTML:

<div id="1" class="clickable"> Click Here!! </div>
<div id="2" class="clickable"> Click Here!! </div>
<div id="3" class="clickable"> Click Here!! </div>
<div id="Clicked"></div>

jQuery:

$('.clickable').click(function(){
   // Reset the color of all clickable elements
   $('.clickable').css("background-color","white");
   // Display which element was clicked
   $('#Clicked').html('You Clicked Div: ' +this.id);
   // Set the background color of the clicked element
   $(this).css("background-color","lightgreen");
});

JSFiddle

In this example, the first three divs belong to a 'group' with the common class "clickable". Using jQuery, events can be triggered for any of these elements without code duplication.

The .clickable selector is a Class Selector, triggering events for elements with class="clickable".

The #Clicked selector is an Id Selector, selecting the first element with id="Clicked".

After triggering the .click event, this.id retrieves the exact clicked element among the three, $(this) is used to manipulate the clicked element, and $('.clickable') manipulates all elements grouped by the class attribute.

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