Evaluating CSS performance: Comparing the animation of a floating button's size on scroll using transform scale versus adjusting height and width

Initial details: In order to display the navigation menu effectively on mobile devices, I have created a fixed menu button. To enhance user experience, I am using the Headroom.js script to reduce the size of the button when scrolling down, preventing it from obstructing the content. This resizing animation is achieved by applying a specific class with the necessary changes.

In my original approach, I altered the appearance of the button by adjusting the height/width of the parent element and the padding of the child element through CSS (along with css transition).

The newer method involves modifying the button size using transform: scale(). Additionally, I slightly move the element by incorporating translate3d(20px,20px,0) in this technique. Although the transform: scale() method provides a smoother scroll feel (possibly due to a placebo effect), analyzing Chrome Dev Tools' timeline does not offer definitive results.

Henceforth, I seek guidance on evaluating the preferred method. Is Chrome Dev Tools' timeline the optimal tool for assessment, or are there more effective approaches? Which aspects of the timeline should influence decision-making? Based on your interpretation of images and tests, which method theoretically performs better?

Below are two examples displayed on the timeline for each method: Original method using height/width alteration and padding adjustment: https://i.sstatic.net/ag14O.png


Method employing transform: scale() for size adjustments: https://i.sstatic.net/3Lfm3.png

Experiment with both methods using fiddles provided here:
Link to original method changing height/width and padding: Original method
Link to new method utilizing transform:scale: New method

Please disregard any layout imperfections, especially concerning the button's appearance. The unattractive image within the menu button serves the purpose of showcasing an embedded image on my actual page and its potential impact on performance. Inclusion of background images also reflects the webshop nature of the site, exposing potential performance implications.

CSS snippet for the additional class implementing changes in the original method:

.mobile-nav.headroom--unpinned {
    height: 40px;
    width: 40px;
}
.headroom--unpinned .mobile-content{
  padding-top:4px;
}


CSS code for the added class utilizing transform:scale():

.mobile-nav.headroom--unpinned {
transform:scale(.5) translate3d(20px,20px,0);
}


To summarize my inquiries:
How can I determine the most efficient method in terms of performance, and which approach do you believe yields superior outcomes?

Answer №1

In my opinion, Chris, it's important to understand why only certain properties like transform and opacity should be used for animations. These properties do not trigger a repaint in other elements, even if the animated element is part of the document flow. Additionally, these two properties can achieve the desired effects in almost 95% of cases.

When considering performance impact, animations can be categorized into two types:

  • Those that cause repaints in other elements during animation.
  • Those that do not cause repaints.

This is why it is recommended to use animations with transform, opacity, or

position:relative;left|right|top|left
. By avoiding moving elements within the flow, unnecessary repaints for multiple elements are prevented.

If the parent element is positioned absolutely (as assumed), there may be minimal differences compared to using transform for animations. Testing by animating thousands of clones using different methods could provide more conclusive results regarding performance.

To optimize further, some resources suggest:

  • Replacing .animate() with .velocity().
  • Avoiding animations on properties other than transform and opacity, although claims about performance impact vary.
  • Utilizing CSS transitions when possible, especially for single animations.
  • Exploring the Web Animations API.

Personally, I recommend against relying on perfectly synced CSS animations, particularly when multiple animations are involved. External factors like tab switches or heavy system processes may disrupt the timing of animations. For chained animations, ensure proper sequencing.

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