css How to target a specific row and column within a table using css selector in Selenium WebDriver

When attempting to locate

css=table#Salarytable.dataTable.3.4

in Selenium IDE, the cell highlights correctly. However, when using this locator in my Selenium code...

String salary=driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("table#Salarytable.dataTable.3.4")).getText();

I encounter an error stating that an illegal string is present. EDIT: The HTML code is as follows:

<table id="Salarytable" class="dataTable" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="border-collapse:collapse;">

The stacktrace reads:

java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    (...)
    at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler$UnknownServerException: An invalid or illegal string was specified
    Build info: version: '2.35.0', revision: '8df0c6b', time: '2013-08-12 15:43:19'
    System info: os.name: 'Windows 2003', os.arch: 'x86', os.version: '5.2', java.version: '1.6.0_35'
    Driver info: driver.version: unknown

I understand how to achieve this using XPath, but I specifically want to utilize CSS. How can this be accomplished? EDIT: Currently, I have implemented "table#Salarytable > tbody > tr:nth-of-type(3) > td:nth-of-type(4)" in my WebDriver code and it functions properly. However, I am puzzled as to why a locator (css=table#Salarytable.dataTable.3.4) that worked in Selenium IDE does not work in WebDriver code. Thank you.

javacssseleniumselenium-webdriver

Answer №1

Learn more about CSS class naming conventions

In the discussion, it was pointed out that a CSS class name cannot begin with a number and must consist of more than just a single digit. The selector you used (table#Salarytable.dataTable.3.4) suggests that the HTML table tag should be structured like this: 

<table id="Salarytable" class="dataTable 3 4">
. However, this structure is not valid, as '3' and '4' are not allowed within HTML classes. Therefore, the correct selector should simply be table#Salarytable.dataTable.

It is also recommended to target the table by its id only:

driver.findElement(By.id("Salarytable"))

UPDATE I may have misconstrued the rules regarding naming conventions. Referencing the CSS Grammar (section G3), it appears that numbers can indeed be included in a class name, but they must be properly escaped when referenced (as explained in the linked document). Unfortunately, my knowledge of CSS is limited to further elaborate on this topic.

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