Encountering an issue where, upon user scrolling down, a portion of the sidebar becomes fixed in position. However, when attempting to apply CSS for fixing the sidebar element, it ends up fixed to the entire screen instead of just within its parent container.
What is the correct method to set this up?
Before we dive into the specifics of positioning, it's important to understand the different types:
Fixed Positioning (position: fixed)
An element with fixed position is placed relative to the browser window.
Relative Positioning (position: relative)
A relatively positioned element is placed relative to its normal position in the document flow.
Absolute Positioning (position: absolute)
An absolutely positioned element is placed relative to the nearest parent element that has a position other than static.
In your specific case, make sure that the parent div has position: relative, and the child div has position: absolute instead of position: fixed.
Here is a helpful reference link for more information.
It seems like you are dealing with a layout similar to this:
<div class="sidebar">
<div class="fixed" style="position: fixed;"></div>
</div>
As you may have already discovered, when using position: fixed, the properties top, left, right, or bottom will always be relative to the browser window.
The workaround is to wrap your .fixed div within another div and apply all positioning styles to that wrapper instead of the .fixed div. Here's an example:
The HTML:
<div class="sidebar">
<div class="helper">
<div class="fixed"></div>
</div>
</div>
The CSS:
.sidebar {
position: relative;
}
.helper {
position: absolute;
top: XYZ; left: ZYX; /* Replace XYZ and ZYX with the values you intended for .fixed */
}
.fixed {
position: fixed;
}
You can see this solution in action in this fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/joplomacedo/T2PL5/
To achieve absolute positioning within a parent element, set the parent's CSS property position: relative. This will establish the parent element as the reference for absolute positioning of its children. For more information on this concept, refer to the Explanation of "containing block" in the CSS 2 specifications.
Regarding fixed positioning: it may seem contradictory for an element to be fixed to the viewport while also being relative to another non-fixed element. This confusion initially led me to misinterpret your question.
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I attempted to demonstrate how a failing test case could be shown for a flawed full-screen modal. Surprisingly, it is possible to confine a position: fixed; element by utilizing CSS transforms on the container. For instance, applying transform: translate(200px); to a container will disrupt its full-screen characteristics, causing it to behave like a regular div.
Upon further investigation, I discovered that not only transform, but also filter and perspective can have similar effects.
In response to the initial query, achieving relative positioning within the container akin to the relative-absolute combination is not feasible. However, you can confine the element inside a relative container without impacting the placement or sizing properties of top, right, bottom, left.
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