Change a div to scroll vertically instead of expanding to accommodate its content

I am facing an issue with the layout I have created. It consists of a scrollable list of items in the center, with additional content above and below it in a column. The challenge is to make the list occupy all available empty space within the column without specifying a fixed height. It should scroll when there is insufficient space to accommodate all the items.

Here you can view a JSFiddle demonstration of the situation.

The problem arises when adding numerous items to the scroller. Instead of staying at its original size and scrolling the overflowing contents (as intended), the entire scroller expands to fit all the contents. This occurs even though overflow-y: scroll is set!


You can fix the problem by setting the scroller height to 0, allowing the items to scroll as intended while maintaining the original height prior to adding extra items.

But why does this work? Can someone provide an explanation for this behavior? Are there any potential consequences to this "solution" that I may not be aware of?


<div class="column">
  <div class="title">Header</div>
  <div class="scroller">
    <div class="item">Child</div>
    <div class="item">Child</div>
  </div>
  <div class="title">Footer</div>
</div>

,

.column {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  height: 200px;
}

.title {
  height: 50px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.scroller {
  flex-grow: 20;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  overflow-y: scroll;
}

.item {
  height: 20px;
  margin-top: 2px;
}

Answer №1

For future reference, here's a quick overview:

When using flex-grow, elements will expand to fill x units of available space minus other flex content. In this scenario, only .scroller has flex-grow, while the other flex elements have defined heights that occupy space.

On the other hand, with flex-shrink, elements contract as space decreases. A value of zero means no contraction, while values >=1 allow scaling down.

It's important to note that flex-shrink will not work if an element also has flex-grow applied. Elements with both properties will only shrink based on their content size.

In your case, overflow does not occur because the element matches the content size due to having both grow and shrink properties. By adding an explicit height (height: 0), you override the computed content height, allowing flex-shrink to compress the element smaller than its content, enabling the scrollbar functionality.

While this solution may raise potential quirks in the future, it offers an interesting workaround that effectively resolves the issue.

Answer №2

To activate the scroll feature, make sure to define a specific height for your scroller container in the CSS:

height: 30px;

Alternatively, you can set a maximum height to allow growth up to a certain limit:

max-height: 30px;

In either case, the container needs to have some constraints in order for the scroll function to work effectively, such as:

height: 100%;

Afterwards, you can control the size of its contents within the container.

Answer №3

After some trial and error, I found the solution by adjusting the flex-shrink property on the scroller element to 1. This helped it limit its size to fit within the available space while utilizing a scrollbar when needed.

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