Can you explain the meaning of the tag "&" ">" "*" in the context of useStyles functions?

After experimenting with React and Material-UI, I came across an interesting pattern in the code. When using the useStyle function, developers often create a class called 'root' and utilize the tag & > *. I tried to research the meaning behind this but couldn't find clear answers.

For reference, you can view an example from the official documentation here:

import React from 'react';
import { makeStyles } from '@material-ui/core/styles';
import Paper from '@material-ui/core/Paper';

const useStyles = makeStyles(theme => ({
  root: {
    display: 'flex',
    flexWrap: 'wrap',
    '& > *': {
      margin: theme.spacing(1),
      width: theme.spacing(16),
      height: theme.spacing(16),
    },
  },
}));

export default function SimplePaper() {
  const classes = useStyles();

  return (
    <div className={classes.root}>
      <Paper />
    </div>
  );
}

Answer №1

When working with sass, the & symbol allows you to chain css selectors together. In standard css, however, the > represents a direct descendant selector. This means that if you want to target only the top level div elements within a container, you can use >.

// Example in css
article > div {
  font-size: 40px;
}

// Example in html
<article>
  <div>
    Heading // this will be 40px as it is a direct child of article
    <div>
      Some content // this will not be affected as it is nested inside another div
    </div>
  </div>
  <div>
    Another heading // this will also be 40px since it is one level deep in article
  </div>
</article>

Additionally, using the * selector targets everything on the page.

So, in the context of your example, .root & > * or simply .root > * implies that all direct child elements of the root class will inherit those specified styles, while elements nested within those children will not receive those styles.

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