Angular - Modifying the Styling of a TypeScript-Generated Element

I'm facing an issue where the styles I try to apply to a div generated using TypeScript's createElement function are not taking effect.

UPDATE: After some troubleshooting, I was able to resolve the issue by adding the style in the global project file style.scss. However, I am still curious as to why it didn't work in the component's scss file.

component.ts

export class Component implements OnInit {
 bgAnimation!: any;
 numberOfColorBoxes = 400;

 ngOnInit(): void {
  this.bgAnimation = document.getElementById('bgAnimation');
  for (let i = 0; i < this.numberOfColorBoxes; i++) {
    const colorBox = document.createElement('div');
    colorBox.classList.add('colorBox');
    this.bgAnimation.appendChild(colorBox);
   }
 }
}

component.html

<div class="bgAnimation" id="bgAnimation">
 <div class="backgroundAmim"></div>
</div>

component.scss

.colorBox {
 z-index: 2;
 filter: brightness(1.1);
 transition: 2s ease;
 position: relative;
 margin: 2px;
 background: #1d1d1d;
}

Answer №1

It is due to the implementation of encapsulation strategy in Angular. By default, Angular uses:

encapsulation: ViewEncapsulation.Emulated

This default behavior in Angular applies a simulated native Shadow DOM encapsulation by adding a specific attribute to the component's host element and applying the same attribute to all provided CSS selectors. If you manually add a class using the document object, that specific attribute will not be included for that class.

If you want the styles of your components to function correctly, you must use either ViewEncapsulation.None or ViewEncapsulation.ShadowDom.

When utilizing ShadowDom, direct access to elements via document.getElementById is not possible. Instead, you need to access them using ViewChild.

Here is an example demonstrating the usage of the ShadowDom strategy: here.

Answer №2

To put it simply, during ngOnInit, the structure of your component's DOM is already set up and you are manually generating those elements using JavaScript, which does not activate any Angular events to monitor changes in your component. However, when you apply that style globally, your browser directly updates the DOM instead of Angular.

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