What sets apart #navlist li #current from #navlist li .current?

My quest to grasp the ins and outs of CSS continues, but tutorials I've encountered so far are only skimming the surface.

I'm particularly trying to wrap my head around the fundamental variances between using #navlist li #current and #navlist li .current.

I'll use non-generic names for a practical illustration.

Here's what I believe the distinction is:

#navlist li #current

If applied to an li element within a parent element #navlist, it will override any inherited styling to display the format specified in #navlist li #current.

On the flip side:

#navlist li .current

will apply its own formatting while also inheriting from other styles.

In this scenario:

#navlist li a:hover
{
  color: #FFFFFF;
  background: #3364BB;
  border-color: #0F3974;
}

#navlist li .current
{
  color: #000;
  background: #FFFFFF;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #FFFFFF;
}
<ul id="navlist">
    <li><a href="#" class="current">Home</a></li>
    <li><a href="#">Profile</a></li>
    <li><a href="#">Destinations</a></li>
    <li><a href="#">Discuss</a></li>
</ul>

The tab will have white background with black font initially but hover effect will be applied.

In this alternate example:

#navlist li a:hover
{
  color: #FFFFFF;
  background: #3364BB;
  border-color: #0F3974;
}

#navlist li #current
{
  color: #000;
  background: #FFFFFF;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #FFFFFF;
}
<ul id="navlist">
        <li><a href="#" id="current">Home</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Profile</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Destinations</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">Discuss</a></li>
</ul>

#current is specifically applied without any additional styling, which results in the tab remaining white even upon hovering over it.

Does that align with your understanding?

Answer №1

Is that accurate?

Absolutely. The reason for this is because the CSS selector a:hover holds more specificity than .current, yet falls short of #current. Therefore, when applying hover styles, they will take precedence over class styles, but not interfere with ID styles.

a:hover surpasses .current in specificity due to the combination of a type selector and pseudo-class selector it contains. This combination outranks a single class selector (even though both :hover and .current have equal specificity) thanks to the presence of a.

#current exceeds the specificity of a:hover because IDs always carry the highest level of specificity, regardless of how many non-IDs are included in the selector for the hover style rule.

Answer №2

Absolutely. (And it seems that specificity is the key, as mentioned by BoltClock)

For a detailed explanation on how browsers interpret your CSS selectors, check out this page:

Keep in mind: an id must be unique and can only apply to one element; while a class can be used for multiple elements and tags

Just a heads up: both rules will target the same element and be implemented. If you add more properties in #navlist li a:hover, those non-conflicting styles will show when hovering over #current (hence 'cascading')

Furthermore: Familiarize yourself with terms like inheritance/cascading, CSS selector, CSS specificity, and pseudo class

p.s. Experiment with jsbin / jsfiddle / cssdesk for CSS testing - learning through practice is the way to go :D

Answer №3

It appears that there may be syntax errors present in your query. This format:

#navlist li .current

is designed to target a child element within the LI, as illustrated below:

<ul id="navlist">
     <li>
          <a href="#" class="current">Foo</a>
     </li>
</ul>

If your intention is to assign the class or ID "current" directly to the LI itself, then your rule should resemble:

#navlist li.current // ensure no space between 'li' and '.current'

Additionally, it's important to remember that in CSS, IDs carry more weight than Classes. Therefore, if you have two comparable rules where one employs an ID and the other a class, the ID rule will take precedence over the class rule. Both rules will be applied, but the ID rule will be enforced last. This distinction becomes critical when adjusting attributes like font size, as the rules accumulate instead of overriding each other.

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