What methods can I use to prevent the `<style>` tags from being trapped in my CSS selectors?

As I work on styling existing documents with CSS, I find myself using a variety of adjacent sibling selectors (such as item1 + item2) to add spacing between elements. However, some of the documents contain <style> tags at different points in the page, which causes interference with my CSS selectors. This becomes problematic when wanting to apply certain styles to specific elements, like adding a margin-top to every element except the first one using * + *. The presence of style tags confuses the selectors and affects the overall styling.

I have considered using something like :not(style) + item to address this issue, but it falls short if there are additional style tags interspersed throughout the document. Is there a foolproof method to handle this purely with CSS? While I am unable to directly modify the HTML files, I may be able to preprocess them with JavaScript before rendering if necessary.

Edit: Additionally, how can I target the very first element on the page that is not a <style> tag? In other words, how do I select the initial non-style tag element without inadvertently selecting a <style> tag?

For instance, consider a scenario where I have a CSS file and a corresponding HTML snippet:

div {
  background-color: yellow;
}

*+div {
  background-color: lime;
  margin-top: 1em;
}
<style>
  div {
    font-weight: bold;
  }
</style>

<div>Yellow</div>
<div>Green</div>
<div>Green</div>
<div>Green</div>
<div>Green</div>

Answer №1

When dealing with document layouts becoming more intricate, margins can become a tricky concept. However, for the sake of simplicity, this response will only consider situations involving lobotomized owls and documents with relatively basic block layouts where margins collapse between parents and children. This allows us to focus on the selectors at hand.

The following selector is designed to handle any number of element types and nesting depths, not limited to just children of body. Unfortunately, it does require repeating the same compound selector:

div, p {
  background-color: yellow;
  margin: 0; /* Removing default p margins for clarity */
}

:not(style):nth-of-type(n+2),
:not(style):nth-of-type(n+2) ~ * {
  background-color: lime;
  margin-top: 1em;
}

/* Disregard .nest elements for illustration purposes */
.nest {
  background-color: transparent !important;
}
<style>
  div {
    font-weight: bold;
  }
</style>

<div>Yellow</div>
<div>Green</div>
<p>Green</p>

<style>
  p {
    font-style: italic;
  }
</style>

<div>Green</div>
<p>Green</p>

<section class="nest">
  <div>Yellow</div>
  <div>Green</div>
  <p>Green</p>
</section>

A follow-up question: How can I select the first element on the page that is not a <style> tag? In other words, how do I achieve body > *:first-child without selecting a <style> tag?

If there will never be more than one style element before the first non-style child:

body > :not(style):first-child, body > style:first-child + *

If you anticipate scenarios with multiple consecutive style tags as the initial children of body, you'll need to utilize this technique:

body > :not(style) {
  /* Applying styles to the first non-style child */
}

body > :not(style) ~ :not(style) {
  /* Reverting the above styles for subsequent non-style children */
}

An alternative based on selectors isn't fully reliable until browsers implement level 4 :nth-child(An+B of S):

/* Replaces the main answer's entire selector-list */
:nth-child(n+2 of :not(body, style))

/* Replaces the bonus question's answer */
body > :nth-child(1 of :not(style))

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