What could be causing me to receive the string "Ã-" instead of "×" while defining the content for button:after?

I have implemented the following CSS code to style a button that is used to remove a tag:

button.close:after {
  content: '×';
}

As a result, the button looks like this:

https://i.sstatic.net/MhKI5.png

However, there is an issue where the character × sometimes gets replaced by Ã- randomly. I initially thought it might be related to encoding, but if it were, I believe it would be a consistent problem. The issue occurs infrequently, and currently, it is not happening (I will provide another screenshot when it does).

The CSS code is sourced from a .less file that I compile, minify, and concatenate.

How can I ensure that the character × is always displayed correctly?

htmlcssless

Answer №1

The symbol for multiplication is represented by the UTF-8 sequence 0xC3 0x97. However, if decoded using the Windows-1252 character set, it displays as × (A tilde, em dash).

The issue lies in the CSS being decoded as Windows-1252 instead of UTF-8. Normally, CSS is decoded the same as the HTML document, unless a character set specification is provided in either the page or the HTTP header. Without this, the browser must guess the encoding, based on available data and cache status, leading to inconsistencies.

To resolve this, specify the encoding in the HTML head:

<meta charset="utf-8">

If the CSS encoding differs, it can be specified at the top of the file using:

@charset "utf-8";

Answer №3

If strange characters appear, it is likely due to an incorrect character encoding. These characters often result from interpreting an UTF-8 multi-byte string with a single-byte encoding such as ISO 8859-1 or Windows-1252.

To fix this issue, you can use the utf8_decode() function to convert them to normal ISO-8859-1 characters. More information on how to use this function can be found at http://php.net/manual/en/function.utf8-decode.php

Alternatively, you can add the following line of code to your HTML file:

<meta charset="UTF-8">

Another option is to include 

header("Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8");
at the beginning of your PHP scripts.

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