What causes the positioning difference between an HTML div element containing a p tag versus one containing an img tag?

While working on a coding project at Codecademy.com, I encountered an interesting issue. I had created several circle containers using <div> tags, which all lined up perfectly in a row when they were empty. However, when I inserted images into some of the containers, it did not affect the spacing at all. But as soon as I added text within a <p> tag inside one of the containers, the entire container shifted down by half an inch.

This raised a question in my mind - why does this happen and how can it be prevented? I am more interested in understanding the reason behind this behavior rather than just finding a quick fix. Thank you for any insights you can provide.

Below is the code snippet:

div {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-left: 5px;
  border-radius: 100%;
  height: 100px;
  width: 100px;
  border: 2px solid black;
}
.friend {
  border: 2px dashed #008000;
}
.family {
  border: 2px dashed #0000ff;
}
.enemy {
  border: 2px dashed #ff0000;
}
#best_friend {
  border: 4px solid #00c957;
}
#archnemesis {
  border: 4px solid #cc0000;
}
img {
  border-radius: 100%;
  height: 100px;
  width: 100px;
}
div p {
  text-align: center;
  border: 0;
  padding: 0;
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
  <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="stylesheet.css" />
  <title>My Social Network</title>
</head>

<body>
  <div class="friend" id="best_friend">
    <img src="http://www.smashbros.com/images/og/link.jpg" />
  </div>
  <div class="friend">
    <img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/Navi_oOot.png" />
  </div>
  <div class="family">
    <img src="http://fc07.deviantart.net/fs70/i/2011/196/c/a/deku_tree_manip_by_thegeminisage-d3u262q.jpg" />
  </div>
  <div class="family">
    <br>
    <p>Forest elf guy number 7</p>
  </div>
  <div class="enemy" id="archnemesis">
    <img src="#" />
  </div>
  <div class="enemy">
    <img src="#" />
  </div>
</body>

</html>

Answer №1

To solve this issue, simply adjust the vertical-align property to a different value other than the default, which is baseline.

Here is an example of how you can do that:

Check out this Example

div {
    display: inline-block;
    vertical-align: top;
    /* add any other style properties here.. */
}

The reason why the element was appearing lower than the others was because its text was aligned with the baseline of the adjacent elements. If you remove the text content, you will notice that the problem disappears. Since the element is set as inline-block, modifying the vertical-align property will correct the alignment. Alternatively, if the element had been floated, the issue would not have occurred.

Answer №2

When it comes to urgent style sheets, they are designed to provide styles for original tags like <p>, <a>, <html>, or <h1>, among others. The <p> tag specifically creates space for text.

To address any positioning issues, the best solution is to add a specific style for the <p> tag. You can utilize properties like padding and margin, adjusting them as needed to create a new style that suits your preferences.

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