Steps for implementing CSS styles following a specific tag

My HTML code includes a <div id="content">, with various elements within it:

<div id="content">
  <main>
    <h2 > Example Title</h2>
    <p>Hello World</p>

    <table class="table table-striped table-responsive-md btn-table">
      <tr>
        <td>Example 1 </td>
        <td>Example 2</td>
      </tr>
    </table>    
  </main>
</div>

Following the <h2> example title, I want to add CSS margins of margin-top:20px; and margin-bottom:20px to all <p> and <table> tags. How can I achieve this styling?

Answer №1

When dealing with this scenario, there are essentially two approaches that can be taken without making any changes to the HTML structure.

The initial method involves selecting all child elements of main except for the h2 element.

Alternatively, drawing inspiration from a suggestion by chriskirknielsen in a comment, you can utilize the General Sibling Combinator to target all siblings of the h2.

It's important to note that these methods assume you want to target "all elements at the same level," rather than "all elements at the same level after a specific point in the DOM," as the latter is not feasible.

main > *:not(h2) {
  margin-top:20px;
  margin-bottom:20px;
  border-top: 1px solid red;
}

/* OR */

h2 ~ * {
  margin-top:20px;
  margin-bottom:20px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid green;
}
<div id="content">
  <main>
    <h2 > Example Title</h2>
    <p>Hello World</p>

    <table class="table table-striped table-responsive-md btn-table">
      <tr>
        <td>Example 1 </td>
        <td>Example 2</td>
      </tr>
    </table>    
  </main>
</div>

Answer №2

If you want to style elements following an h2 header, one approach is to create a CSS class for those elements. Here's an example:

.custom-style{
   margin-top: 20px;
   margin-bottom: 20px;
}

Alternatively, you could apply the margin properties to all elements but exclude the h2 by assigning it a specific id. For instance:

#special-heading{
   margin: 0;
}

Answer №3

Since the question also includes the Javascript tag, I will provide a solution using Javascript.

Take another look at your HTML. When the onload event is triggered, we call the applyStyleChanges() function:


  <body onload="applyStyleChanges()">
    <div id="content">
      <main>
        <p>Unaffected</p>
        <!-- ... -->
        <h2 > Example Title</h2>
        <p>Hello World</p>

        <table class="table table-striped table-responsive-md btn-table">
          <tr>
            <td>Example 1 </td>
            <td>Example 2</td>
          </tr>
        </table>
      </main>
    </div>
  </body>

The implementation of the applyStyleChanges() function is as follows:

<script>
  function applyStyleChanges()
  {
    var node = document.getElementsByTagName("h2")[0];

    while(node = node.nextSibling)
    {
      if(node.nodeType == 1)
      {
        node.style.marginTop    = "20px";
        node.style.marginBottom = "20px";
      }
    }
  };
</script>

Explanation

  1. We start by selecting our "boundary" element, which in this case is the first h2
  2. We iterate through each sibling until we reach the end of the list
  3. We only consider elements of type "1" (element nodes)
  4. For each selected element, we apply the specified set of styling properties using node.style
  5. All siblings before our "boundary" element remain unaffected
  6. Note that accessing properties like margin-top and
    margin-bottom</code is done using <code>marginTop
    and marginBottom respectively. In Javascript, dashes are removed and camel case notation is used

Answer №4

Simply use the following CSS code:

p{
margin-top: 20px;
margin-botton:20px;
}

Alternatively, you can assign class names to specific tags like this: <p class='someClass'> and then target that tag in your CSS with:

.someClass{
margin-top: 20px;
margin-botton:20px;
}

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