Resize a division to fill the window while maintaining original proportions

Question

Resize a division to fill the window while maintaining original proportions

Is there a way to resize a div so that it fills the entire browser viewport while maintaining its aspect ratio? How can I achieve this using CSS, JQuery, or both?

javascript jquery css html

Answer 1

Answer №1

Who needs javascript when you have pure CSS at your disposal?

Utilize a padding-top percentage relative to the containing block's width, along with position: absolute on a child element, to create a box that maintains its aspect ratio.

HTML:

<div class="aspectwrapper">
  <div class="content">
  </div>
</div>

CSS:

.aspectwrapper {
  display: inline-block; /* adjusts size accordingly */
  width: 100%;           /* customize as needed */
  position: relative;    /* enables use of position: absolute in .content */
}
.aspectwrapper::after {
  padding-top: 56.25%; /* based on container block _width_ */
  display: block;
  content: '';
}
.content {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0; bottom: 0; right: 0; left: 0;  /* follow parent's boundaries */
  outline: thin dashed green;            /* visual aid for box visibility */
}

The display: inline-block causes a slight space below the bottom edge of the .aspectwrapper, preventing other elements beneath it from touching. This gap can be eliminated by using display: block.

Kudos to this source for the handy tip!

Alternatively, browsers maintain an image's aspect ratio when only resizing its width or height. (For demonstration purposes, I'll let google generate a 16x9 transparent image, but typically, you'd use your own static image.)

HTML:

<div class="aspectwrapper">
  <img class="aspectspacer" src="http://chart.googleapis.com/chart?cht=p3&chs=160x90" />
  <div class="content">
  </div>
</div>

CSS:

.aspectwrapper {
  width: 100%;
  position: relative;
}
.aspectspacer {
  width: 100%; /* allows enlarged image height to influence .aspectwrapper's lower edge */
}
.content {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0; bottom: 0; right: 0; left: 0;
  outline: thin dashed green;
}

Answer 2

Who needs javascript when you have pure CSS at your disposal?

Utilize a padding-top percentage relative to the containing block's width, along with position: absolute on a child element, to create a box that maintains its aspect ratio.

HTML:

<div class="aspectwrapper">
  <div class="content">
  </div>
</div>

CSS:

.aspectwrapper {
  display: inline-block; /* adjusts size accordingly */
  width: 100%;           /* customize as needed */
  position: relative;    /* enables use of position: absolute in .content */
}
.aspectwrapper::after {
  padding-top: 56.25%; /* based on container block _width_ */
  display: block;
  content: '';
}
.content {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0; bottom: 0; right: 0; left: 0;  /* follow parent's boundaries */
  outline: thin dashed green;            /* visual aid for box visibility */
}

The display: inline-block causes a slight space below the bottom edge of the .aspectwrapper, preventing other elements beneath it from touching. This gap can be eliminated by using display: block.

Kudos to this source for the handy tip!

Alternatively, browsers maintain an image's aspect ratio when only resizing its width or height. (For demonstration purposes, I'll let google generate a 16x9 transparent image, but typically, you'd use your own static image.)

HTML:

<div class="aspectwrapper">
  <img class="aspectspacer" src="http://chart.googleapis.com/chart?cht=p3&chs=160x90" />
  <div class="content">
  </div>
</div>

CSS:

.aspectwrapper {
  width: 100%;
  position: relative;
}
.aspectspacer {
  width: 100%; /* allows enlarged image height to influence .aspectwrapper's lower edge */
}
.content {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0; bottom: 0; right: 0; left: 0;
  outline: thin dashed green;
}

Answer 3

Answer №2

My innovative HTML/CSS method offers a unique solution without the need for padding or absolute positioning. Instead, it leverages the use of em units and the powerful CSS min() function, combined with some clever calculations.

Imagine creating a viewport div with a 16:9 aspect ratio that always adjusts to fit the browser window and is perfectly centered horizontally and vertically. Here's how it can be achieved:

HTML

  <body>
    <div class="viewport">
      <p>
        This should be a 16:9 viewport that fits the window.
      </p>
    </div>
  </body>

CSS

body {
  width: 100vw;
  height: 100vh;
  margin: 0;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  background-color: white;
  font-size: min(1vw, 1.778vh);
}

div.viewport {
  width: 100em;
  height: 56.25em;
  background-color: lightblue;
}

div.viewport > p {
  font-size: 3em;
  text-align: center;
}

You can experiment with this concept in a sample JSFiddle here.

The key lies in setting the body's font-size property. It should be defined as min(1vw, Avh), where A represents the desired aspect ratio (i.e., width / height). In the example provided, an aspect ratio of approximately 1.778 (corresponding to 16:9) is utilized.

In CSS, em units are determined by the element's font-size, which inherits from the parent element if not explicitly set. For the viewport div, assign a width of 100em and a height of Iem, where I represents the inverse of the aspect ratio expressed as a percentage (e.g., 100 / A or 100 * height / width). The given example employs 56.25, calculated as 100 * 9 / 16.

An added benefit of this methodology is that nested elements can also utilize em units, ensuring consistent scaling in relation to the viewport size. This approach is exemplified in the styling of the p element.

Alternatively, you may establish the font size on the html element and utilize rem units throughout your layout. While similar to em units, CSS rem units are always relative to the root element's font-size.

Answer 4

My innovative HTML/CSS method offers a unique solution without the need for padding or absolute positioning. Instead, it leverages the use of em units and the powerful CSS min() function, combined with some clever calculations.

Imagine creating a viewport div with a 16:9 aspect ratio that always adjusts to fit the browser window and is perfectly centered horizontally and vertically. Here's how it can be achieved:

HTML

  <body>
    <div class="viewport">
      <p>
        This should be a 16:9 viewport that fits the window.
      </p>
    </div>
  </body>

CSS

body {
  width: 100vw;
  height: 100vh;
  margin: 0;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  background-color: white;
  font-size: min(1vw, 1.778vh);
}

div.viewport {
  width: 100em;
  height: 56.25em;
  background-color: lightblue;
}

div.viewport > p {
  font-size: 3em;
  text-align: center;
}

You can experiment with this concept in a sample JSFiddle here.

The key lies in setting the body's font-size property. It should be defined as min(1vw, Avh), where A represents the desired aspect ratio (i.e., width / height). In the example provided, an aspect ratio of approximately 1.778 (corresponding to 16:9) is utilized.

In CSS, em units are determined by the element's font-size, which inherits from the parent element if not explicitly set. For the viewport div, assign a width of 100em and a height of Iem, where I represents the inverse of the aspect ratio expressed as a percentage (e.g., 100 / A or 100 * height / width). The given example employs 56.25, calculated as 100 * 9 / 16.

An added benefit of this methodology is that nested elements can also utilize em units, ensuring consistent scaling in relation to the viewport size. This approach is exemplified in the styling of the p element.

Alternatively, you may establish the font size on the html element and utilize rem units throughout your layout. While similar to em units, CSS rem units are always relative to the root element's font-size.

Answer 5

Answer №3

Big thanks to Geoff for providing guidance on organizing the math and logic structure. Below is the jQuery code I've implemented to adjust the size of a lightbox to fit the window:

let initialHeight = originalHeight;
let initialWidth = originalWidth;
let aspectRatio = initialWidth / initialHeight;

if ($(window).height() < $(window).width()) {
    let newHeight = $(window).height();
    let newWidth = newHeight * aspectRatio;
} else { 
    // Screen width is smaller than height (mobile, etc)
    let newWidth = $(window).width();
    let newHeight = newWidth / aspectRatio;      
}

Currently, this implementation is yielding successful results for both laptop and mobile screens.

Answer 6

Big thanks to Geoff for providing guidance on organizing the math and logic structure. Below is the jQuery code I've implemented to adjust the size of a lightbox to fit the window:

let initialHeight = originalHeight;
let initialWidth = originalWidth;
let aspectRatio = initialWidth / initialHeight;

if ($(window).height() < $(window).width()) {
    let newHeight = $(window).height();
    let newWidth = newHeight * aspectRatio;
} else { 
    // Screen width is smaller than height (mobile, etc)
    let newWidth = $(window).width();
    let newHeight = newWidth / aspectRatio;      
}

Currently, this implementation is yielding successful results for both laptop and mobile screens.

Answer 7

Answer №4

Javascipt:

//Implementing Responsive Scaling
let outer = document.getElementById('outer'),
wrapper = document.getElementById('wrap'),
maxWidth  = outer.clientWidth,
maxHeight = outer.clientHeight;

window.addEventListener("resize", resize);
resize();

function resize(){
let scale,
width = window.innerWidth,
height = window.innerHeight,
isMax = width >= maxWidth && height >= maxHeight;

scale = Math.min(width/maxWidth, height/maxHeight);
outer.style.transform = isMax?'':'scale(' + scale + ')';
wrapper.style.width = isMax?'':maxWidth * scale;
wrapper.style.height = isMax?'':maxHeight * scale;
}

HTML:

<div id="wrap">
<div id="outer">
{{ insert fixed content here }}
</div>
</div>

Styling:

/* Custom Styling for Responsive Content */
#wrap {
  position: relative;
  width: 1024px;
  height: 590px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}
#outer {
  position: relative;
  width: 1024px;
  height: 590px;
  transform-origin: 0% 0%;
  overflow: hidden;
}

Answer 8

Javascipt:

//Implementing Responsive Scaling
let outer = document.getElementById('outer'),
wrapper = document.getElementById('wrap'),
maxWidth  = outer.clientWidth,
maxHeight = outer.clientHeight;

window.addEventListener("resize", resize);
resize();

function resize(){
let scale,
width = window.innerWidth,
height = window.innerHeight,
isMax = width >= maxWidth && height >= maxHeight;

scale = Math.min(width/maxWidth, height/maxHeight);
outer.style.transform = isMax?'':'scale(' + scale + ')';
wrapper.style.width = isMax?'':maxWidth * scale;
wrapper.style.height = isMax?'':maxHeight * scale;
}

HTML:

<div id="wrap">
<div id="outer">
{{ insert fixed content here }}
</div>
</div>

Styling:

/* Custom Styling for Responsive Content */
#wrap {
  position: relative;
  width: 1024px;
  height: 590px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}
#outer {
  position: relative;
  width: 1024px;
  height: 590px;
  transform-origin: 0% 0%;
  overflow: hidden;
}

Answer 9

Answer №5

By utilizing JQuery and some mathematical calculations, it is indeed feasible.

JQuery can help obtain the width and height of the viewports, along with the current dimensions of the div element.

$(document).width();

The next step involves computing the current aspect ratio of the div, which is determined by dividing its width by its height.

A strategic approach is vital to decide whether to adjust the width or height first before using the initial ratio to determine the other dimension accordingly.

Answer 10

By utilizing JQuery and some mathematical calculations, it is indeed feasible.

JQuery can help obtain the width and height of the viewports, along with the current dimensions of the div element.

$(document).width();

The next step involves computing the current aspect ratio of the div, which is determined by dividing its width by its height.

A strategic approach is vital to decide whether to adjust the width or height first before using the initial ratio to determine the other dimension accordingly.

Answer 11

Answer №6

There is a jQuery plugin designed to enlarge an object until it reaches a specific pixel value on one of its sides. By combining this with the height of the viewport, it is possible to expand any element to that desired size: jQuery MaxSide.

Answer 12

There is a jQuery plugin designed to enlarge an object until it reaches a specific pixel value on one of its sides. By combining this with the height of the viewport, it is possible to expand any element to that desired size: jQuery MaxSide.

Answer 13

Answer №7

Upcoming in 2024:

Gone are the days of relying on Javascript, em, and min() to achieve your desired effect.

The solution now lies within the css aspect-ratio property:

Check out this link for more information

html

  <body>
    <div class="viewport">
      <p>
        Create a 16:9 viewport that perfectly fits the window.
      </p>
    </div>
  </body>

css

.viewport {
   width: 100%;
   height: auto; /* at least one dimension must be auto */
   aspect-ratio: 16 / 8;
}

Answer 14

Upcoming in 2024:

Gone are the days of relying on Javascript, em, and min() to achieve your desired effect.

The solution now lies within the css aspect-ratio property:

Check out this link for more information

html

  <body>
    <div class="viewport">
      <p>
        Create a 16:9 viewport that perfectly fits the window.
      </p>
    </div>
  </body>

css

.viewport {
   width: 100%;
   height: auto; /* at least one dimension must be auto */
   aspect-ratio: 16 / 8;
}

Resize a division to fill the window while maintaining original proportions

Answer №1

Answer №2

Answer №3

Answer №4

Answer №5

Answer №6

Answer №7

Upcoming in 2024:

html

css

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