Having trouble managing external CSS files on Django 1.3 development server

Trying to get external CSS files to work on the Django 1.3 development server has been a challenge. Despite reading through Django's 'managing static files' guide and various similar Stack Overflow questions, I still can't seem to figure out what I'm doing wrong.

The CSS styles don't display correctly when I navigate to localhost:8000/page. What could be causing this issue?

Directory Layout

myproject
|-- manage.py
|-- settings.py
|-- urls.py
|-- app
    |-- __init__.py
    |-- models.py
    |-- tests.py
    |-- views.py
    |-- static
        |-- css
            |-- page.css
|-- templates
    |-- app
        |-- page.html

myproject/views.py

import django.http
import django.template.loader
import django.template  

def view_page(request):
    template = django.template.loader.get_template("page.html")
    context = django.template.Context()
    return django.http.HttpResponse(template.render(context))

myproject/urls.py

from django.conf.urls.defaults import patterns, include, url
import myproject.app.views

urlpatterns = patterns('',(r'page/$', myproject.app.views.view_page),)

myproject/templates/app/page.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{{ STATIC_URL }}page.css" />
</head>
<body>

<h1>My First Heading</h1>

<p>My first paragraph.</p>

</body>
</html> 

myproject/settings.py

(excerpt)

MEDIA_ROOT = ''

MEDIA_URL = ''

STATIC_ROOT = ''

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    "/home/myusername/Desktop/myproject/app/static",
)

STATICFILES_FINDERS = (
    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder',
#    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.DefaultStorageFinder',
)

TEMPLATE_LOADERS = (
    'django.template.loaders.filesystem.Loader',
    'django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader',
#     'django.template.loaders.eggs.Loader',
)

ROOT_URLCONF = 'myproject.urls'

TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
    '/home/myusername/Desktop/myproject/templates/app', 
)

INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.sites',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'app'
)

Answer №1

According to information found on the django documentation:

If {{ STATIC_URL }} is not functioning properly in your template, it is likely due to not using RequestContext during the rendering process.

Context processors introduce variables into the contexts of all templates. However, for context processors to work correctly, you must use RequestContext when rendering templates. This is done automatically with generic views, but if you are writing views manually, you will need to explicitly use RequestContext. For a detailed explanation and instructions, refer to Subclassing Context: RequestContext.

Another available option is using the get_static_prefix template tag that comes as part of Django's core functionality.

Instead of

{{ STATIC_URL }}page.css

You should use:

{% load static %}
{% get_static_prefix %}css/page.css

Additionally, please note that the directory structure for static files must be maintained. Therefore, if your page.css file is located within a 'static' subdirectory, it needs to be referenced in the template as 'css/page.css'.

Answer №2

Another option is to substitute

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{{ STATIC_URL }}page.css" />

for

{% load static %}
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href={% myproject "app/static/css/page.css" %}>

This change should be effective.

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