Body displays overflow scrollbar for flexbox instead of individual elements

The Issue:

When using flexbox with overflow in a full-size app layout (100% width, 100% height), the scrollbars fail to appear for overflow-y in Firefox, IE, or Edge. The problem is specific to these browsers as it displays correctly in Chrome. Instead of showing a vertical scrollbar within the element, the entire page gets the scrollbar.

Attempts at Solution:

I have attempted the suggested fix found in various SO answers, which involves adding min-height: 0; to the flex elements/parents. However, despite trying this solution, I have yet to make it work, and I suspect there might be something missing from my implementation.

Screenshots:

Chrome:

https://i.sstatic.net/QFxBj.png

Firefox:

https://i.sstatic.net/GdmOV.png

Example:

https://codepen.io/gunn4r/pen/WEoPjN

html {
  height: 100%;
}

.flex-grow {
  flex: 1;
}

.canvas-wrapper {
  overflow: scroll;
}

.canvas {
  width: 3000px;
  height: 3000px;
}
<link href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/twitter-bootstrap/4.0.0-alpha.6/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />

<body class="h-100">
  <div class="h-100 container-fluid d-flex flex-column">

    <div class="row bg-warning">
      <div class="col-12 py-4">Top Bar</div>
    </div>

    <div class="row no-gutter flex-grow">

      <div class="col-9 px-0 d-flex flex-column">
        <div class="canvas-wrapper">
          <div class="canvas bg-success">
            Canvas
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bg-danger py-3">
          Canvas Footer
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="col-3 bg-primary">
        <div class="sidebar-item">Sidebar</div>
      </div>

    </div>

    <div class="row bg-warning">
      <div class="col-12 py-2">Overall Footer</div>
    </div>

  </div>
</body>

htmlcssbootstrap-4flexboxoverflow

Answer №1

It appears that the issue lies within this portion of your code:

.canvas-wrapper {
  overflow: scroll;
}

You intended for this element to display scrollbars, but it lacks a defined height.

According to MDN:

In order for overflow to take effect, the block-level container must have either a specified height (height or max-height) or white-space set to nowrap.

While Chrome seems to disregard the height requirement, other browsers do not.

To ensure compatibility across browsers, you can make the following adjustment:

.canvas-wrapper {
  overflow: scroll;
  flex: 1 0 1px;
}


html {
  height: 100%;
}

.flex-grow {
  flex: 1;
}

.canvas-wrapper {
  overflow: scroll;
  flex: 1 0 1px; /* NEW */
}

.canvas {
  width: 3000px;
  height: 3000px;
}
<link href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/twitter-bootstrap/4.0.0-alpha.6/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/>
<body class="h-100">
  <div class="h-100 container-fluid d-flex flex-column">

    <div class="row bg-warning">
      <div class="col-12 py-4">Top Bar</div>
    </div>

    <div class="row no-gutter flex-grow">
      
      <div class="col-9 px-0 d-flex flex-column">
         <div class="canvas-wrapper">
             <div class="canvas bg-success">
               Canvas
           </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bg-danger py-3">
          Canvas Footer
        </div>
      </div>
      
      <div class="col-3 bg-primary">
        <div class="sidebar-item">Sidebar</div>
      </div>
      
    </div>

    <div class="row bg-warning">
      <div class="col-12 py-2">Overall Footer</div>
    </div>

    </div>
</body>

Answer №2

When applying a percentage height to an element, it is necessary to also set a height on all of its ancestors. If all of them have percentage heights as well, then the height needs to be set all the way up to the html/body element.

Using Flexbox in combination with percentage heights can present challenges, especially when setting height: 100% on multiple ancestors, which may lead to unexpected rendering issues and layout breaks.

One effective solution involves adding an extra wrapper, called canvas-fix, for the canvas element, and using position: absolute to achieve the desired layout without issues.

Check out this demo on JSFiddle

Snippet:

html {
  height: 100%;
}
.flex-grow {
  flex: 1;
}
.canvas-wrapper {
  flex-grow: 1;                     
  width: 100%;                      
  position: relative;               
}
.canvas-fix {                       
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  overflow: scroll;
}
.canvas {
  width: 3000px;
  height: 3000px;
}
<link href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/twitter-bootstrap/4.0.0-alpha.6/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />

<body class="h-100">
  <div class="h-100 container-fluid d-flex flex-column">

    <div class="row bg-warning">
      <div class="col-12 py-4">Top Bar</div>
    </div>

    <div class="row no-gutter flex-grow">

      <div class="col-9 px-0 d-flex flex-column">
        <div class="canvas-wrapper">
          <div class="canvas-fix">
            <div class="canvas bg-success">
               Canvas
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div class="bg-danger py-3">
          Canvas Footer
        </div>
      </div>

      <div class="col-3 bg-primary">
        <div class="sidebar-item">Sidebar</div>
      </div>

    </div>

    <div class="row bg-warning">
      <div class="col-12 py-2">Overall Footer</div>
    </div>

    </div>

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