Over at this JSFiddle link, they demonstrated splitting a page into 3 parts.
However, when I adjust the width of #wrapper to 100%, everything works perfectly. So why does changing height:400px to height:100% cause it to fail?
#wrapper {
width: 400px;
height:400px;
}
What is the solution for covering the entire page using percentage (%)?
Avoid using percentage heights in CSS.
Referring to this answer on Stack Overflow:
In order for a height set in percentage to work, the parent element(*) must have a specific height defined. If the parent's height is left as auto, the block will adjust its height based on its content... but if the content itself has a height specified in percentage relative to the parent, it creates a bit of a dilemma. The browser then defaults to the content height.
Therefore, the parent of the div must have an explicit height property. Even if that height is also in percentage, it simply shifts the problem to the next level.
If you want the div's height to be a percentage of the viewport height, every ancestor of the div, including and , needs to have height: 100%, creating a hierarchy of explicitly defined percentage heights leading down to the div.
This means that the parent element must have a specific height (which is not the case here). This is because the default behavior for the height of a block element is to match the content's height, while the width defaults to 100%. That's why setting width: 100% works.
Therefore, to achieve a similar effect as width:100%, all parent elements must be set to height: 100% (including the body and html elements).
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