Add a layer on top of the background in order to cover the entire screen

After researching various SO questions and answers, as well as examining different JSFiddle and Codepen examples, I have yet to find the solution I am looking for...

Here is a sample fiddle of my current issue:

https://jsfiddle.net/ts4t13hn/3/

Below is the CSS class I am currently working with:

.dark-layer{
  background-color: rgba(0,0,0,.6);
  height:100%;
  width:100%;
}

The objective is for the 'dark-layer' CSS class to cover 100% of the screen, regardless of whether the content fits on the page or requires scrolling down to view the entire page.

In the provided fiddle, the content does not overflow the initial screen, resulting in the layer not covering the entire screen. To address this, I discovered that adding the position:absolute property solves the issue, as shown in this updated fiddle: https://jsfiddle.net/ts4t13hn/4/

However, when additional content is added to generate an overflow, the layer fails to fill the screen as demonstrated in this fiddle: https://jsfiddle.net/ts4t13hn/5/

Some sources suggest using background-attachment:fixed to address this issue, but this did not yield any significant changes in the fiddle or my project.

When the CSS is set as in the initial example (without position:absolute;), the desired outcome is achieved only when the content exceeds the initial screen size.

The question: Is there a way to set the dark-layer class to have 100% height and remain fixed to the viewport, ensuring it always covers the background image (similar to how the background image on the body element functions)?

Answer №1

To create a dark layer, avoid wrapping everything with unnecessary divs, just place an empty div inside like this:

<div class="dark-layer"></div>

And then set its position to fixed using the following CSS:

.dark-layer {
    position: fixed;

html {
  height: 100%
}

body {
  background-image: url(https://images.pexels.com/photos/770151/pexels-photo-770151.jpeg?w=1260&h=750&auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb);
  background-position: center;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-size: cover;
  background-attachment: fixed;
  padding: 0 auto;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.dark-layer {
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, .6);
  height: 100%;
  width: 100%;
  position: fixed;
}
<html>

<body>

  <head>
  </head>

  <div class="dark-layer"></div>
  <div class="container">
    <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg">
      <div class="container">
        <a class="navbar-brand text-light" href="#">
                        Logo
                    </a>

        <button class="navbar-toggler collapsed text-light" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarSupportedContent" aria-controls="navbarSupportedContent" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
                    Expand
                    </button>

        <div class="navbar-collapse collapse mr-auto" id="navbarSupportedContent">
          <ul class="navbar-nav mr-auto">
            <li class="nav-item"><a href="#" class="nav-link text-light">Link 1</a></li>
            <li class="nav-item"><a href="#" class="nav-link text-light">Link 2</a></li>
            <li class="nav-item"><a href="#" class="nav-link text-light">Link 3</a></li>
          </ul>
        </div>
      </div>
    </nav>
  </div>


  <div>
    <div class="container">
      <h1>
        Some header
      </h1>
      <p>
        Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Fusce eleifend tincidunt tellus, at ultrices erat bibendum a. Donec eget tortor tempus, dapibus eros fringilla, ultricies quam. Vivamus quis lorem leo. Pellentesque quis consequat enim. Pellentesque
        habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Duis odio mi, mattis nec venenatis tincidunt, egestas et ex. Nam dapibus egestas lacus, in vulputate lacus rutrum ac. Aliquam sollicitudin lacus in magna suscipit,
        quis imperdiet eros tristique. Nulla tristique eros eu nulla congue consequat. Proin suscipit dolor bibendum est convallis commodo. Mauris in dolor vel ipsum hendrerit convallis porta vel ipsum. Duis scelerisque bibendum ante vitae vehicula. Donec
        venenatis, orci eget dignissim porta, odio justo rhoncus sapien, sit amet tristique turpis eros a lectus.
      </p>
    </div>
    <h6 class="footer fixed-bottom text-center text-light">Some Footer</h6>
  </div>
</body>

</html>

Answer №2

IF you want to create a semi-transparent dark overlay on a background image, you can achieve this by setting stacking backgrounds on the body element. This eliminates the need for a separate "dark layer" altogether.

body {
  background: linear-gradient(rgba(0,0,0,.6), rgba(0,0,0,.6)),
 url("https://images.pexels.com/photos/770151/pexels-photo-770151.jpeg?w=1260&h=750&auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb");
    background-position: center;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    background-size: cover;
    background-attachment: fixed;
    padding: 0 auto;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

Using a gradient for the solid color may seem like a workaround, but it's necessary because setting a solid color over images can be tricky. You can read more about this here.

To optimize the code further, consider consolidating the background properties into a shorthand declaration. I made minimal changes to your existing code for simplicity.

Answer №3

To implement this in CSS:

img {
    position: absolute;
    left: 0px;
    top: 0px;
    z-index: -1;
}

Setting z-index: -1 will push the image back one layer. To bring it forward, use z-index: 1;

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